[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":71},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-002":3},{"subject":4,"prev":5,"next":8,"subjectSlug":11,"subjectFullName":4,"question":12,"related":43,"lastmod":70},"精神科與社區衛生護理學",{"webId":6,"number":7},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-001",1,{"webId":9,"number":10},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-003",3,"psychiatric-community",{"id":13,"webId":14,"year":15,"session":7,"subject":4,"number":16,"stem":17,"scenario":18,"carryOver":18,"options":19,"answer":24,"answerNote":18,"images":25,"explanation":26,"explanationDeep":27,"topics":28,"freq":16,"concepts":39},"nurse-108-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-002","nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-002",108,2,"關於心理防衛機轉（defense mechanism），「把自己無法接受的想法與情緒，推給其他人，認為是別人擁有這樣的想法，而不是他自己。」指的是下列何種心理防衛機轉？",null,{"A":20,"B":21,"C":22,"D":23},"合理化（rationalization）","壓抑（suppression）","反向行為（reaction formation）","投射（projection）","D",[],"本題考點是心理防衛機轉中投射(projection)的定義辨識。依精神分析理論,投射是個體將自身無法接受的想法、衝動或情緒歸咎於他人,主觀認定是別人有此念頭以減輕自我焦慮,與題幹敘述完全相符,故選 D。A 合理化是為自己不被接受的行為找一個聽起來合理、可被社會接受的理由,重點在「編理由」而非「推給別人」;B 壓抑(suppression)是有意識地把困擾的念頭暫時擱置不去想,屬於較成熟的防衛,並未轉嫁對象;C 反向行為是表現出與內在真實感受完全相反的言行,例如厭惡某人卻對其格外殷勤,重點在「行為相反」而非「歸因他人」。","辨識防衛機轉的關鍵在於問三件事:念頭去了哪裡、對象是誰、行為方向如何。投射=念頭往外丟給他人;內射(introjection)=把外界特質吞進自己;轉移(displacement)=情緒轉向較安全的對象;反向行為=方向一百八十度反轉。臨床上投射常見於妄想症與偏執型人格,病人自身的敵意被投射出去,便形成「別人要害我」的被害意念,這也是為何被害妄想與投射常被放在同一組概念中考。另需區辨 suppression(壓抑,有意識)與 repression(潛抑,潛意識),國考極愛在中文譯名上設陷阱:有意識地不去想是 suppression,完全想不起來、被排除於意識之外是 repression。相關可延伸複習:Vaillant 將防衛機轉分為病態、不成熟、神經質、成熟四級,投射屬不成熟級,昇華與幽默屬成熟級。",[29,31,33,35,37],{"term":30,"count":16},"合理化 rationalization",{"term":32,"count":16},"反向行為 reaction formation",{"term":34,"count":7},"投射 projection",{"term":36,"count":7},"壓抑 suppression",{"term":38,"count":7},"心理防衛機轉分級",[40],{"id":41,"name":42},"defense-mechanisms","心理防衛機轉",[44,46,50,55,60,65],{"webId":9,"stem":45,"number":10,"year":15,"session":7},"服役的林先生對軍中訓練的要求一直無法達成，常出現失眠、肚子痛等現象。某日要出外打靶的早上，林先生突然雙腳麻痺無法站立，緊急送醫並無發現任何異常的病理報告，因此轉介精神科治療，下列何者為林先生使用的心理防衛機轉？",{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":15,"session":16},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-019","有關阿茲海默症的敘述，下列何者正確？",19,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":7},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-033","下列對於自閉症類群障礙症（Autism Spectrum Disorder）的敘述，何者錯誤？",33,109,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":7},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-071","學校護理師需要優先處理的學生健康問題，下列何者適當？",71,110,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":16},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-035","根據 DSM-5 診斷準則，智能不足嚴重度的分類，下列何者最不適當？",35,111,{"webId":66,"stem":67,"number":68,"year":69,"session":16},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-069","有關職業衛生護理人員的角色與職責，下列何者最不適當？",69,112,"2026-09-29",1790672290494]