[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":73},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-011":3},{"subject":4,"prev":5,"next":8,"subjectSlug":11,"subjectFullName":4,"question":12,"related":44,"lastmod":72},"精神科與社區衛生護理學",{"webId":6,"number":7},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-010",10,{"webId":9,"number":10},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-012",12,"psychiatric-community",{"id":13,"webId":14,"year":15,"session":16,"subject":4,"number":17,"stem":18,"scenario":19,"carryOver":19,"options":20,"answer":25,"answerNote":19,"images":26,"explanation":27,"explanationDeep":28,"topics":29,"freq":16,"concepts":40},"nurse-108-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-011","nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-011",108,1,11,"有關光照療法的作用機轉之敘述，下列何者最適當？",null,{"A":21,"B":22,"C":23,"D":24},"經由黏膜對光的照射","經由皮膚對光的照射","經由眼睛對光的照射","經由肢體對光的照射","C",[],"本題考點是光照療法(light therapy)的生理作用途徑。依生理機轉,光線須經由眼睛的視網膜接收,訊息透過視網膜下視丘徑路傳到下視丘的視交叉上核(SCN)這個生理時鐘中樞,再抑制松果體分泌褪黑激素並調整日夜節律,才能改善季節性情感疾患的憂鬱症狀,因此病人於治療時應張眼面向光箱而非直視或閉眼,故選 C。A 黏膜並無感光受器,無法傳遞光訊號至生理時鐘中樞;B 皮膚照光雖與維生素 D 合成及新生兒黃疸的膽紅素光療有關,但與情緒的日夜節律調節無關,是本題最容易被誤選的干擾項;D 肢體照光同樣不具感光傳導路徑,無法影響褪黑激素分泌。","機轉鏈可串成一條線記憶:光→視網膜特化的含黑視素神經節細胞→視交叉上核→上頸神經節→松果體→褪黑激素受抑制→日夜節律前移、清醒度上升。臨床上光照療法的常見處方為 10000 lux 照射約 30 分鐘、每日一次且以清晨為佳,愈晚照射愈可能延後節律而干擾睡眠。適應症以季節性情感疾患為主,亦可用於日夜節律睡眠障礙。可能副作用包括頭痛、眼睛疲勞、噁心,對雙相情緒障礙症者需留意誘發躁症轉相,服用光敏感藥物者需注意眼睛與皮膚的保護。與之對照的皮膚光療則是新生兒高膽紅素血症(藍光使未結合膽紅素異構化)與乾癬的紫外線治療,兩者路徑完全不同,是國考慣用的跨科干擾設計。可連結概念:日夜節律、褪黑激素、季節性情感疾患、睡眠衛生。",[30,32,34,36,38],{"term":31,"count":16},"光照療法",{"term":33,"count":16},"視網膜與視交叉上核",{"term":35,"count":16},"褪黑激素與松果體",{"term":37,"count":16},"日夜節律",{"term":39,"count":16},"季節性情感疾患",[41],{"id":42,"name":43},"mood-anxiolytic-drugs","抗憂鬱劑、情緒穩定劑、抗焦慮劑與電痙攣治療",[45,47,52,57,62,67],{"webId":9,"stem":46,"number":10,"year":15,"session":16},"下列何者符合環境治療的原則？",{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":15,"session":51},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-028","護理師對物質使用障礙症病人的態度是影響會談過程的重要因素，因此在協助病人的過程中，護理師應注意事項為何？①應協助病人了解及接納這是一種疾病，需接受治療才可恢復 ②這類病人不常合併道德與法律問題，但護理師仍需要自我評估對物質使用的態度 ③護理師應保持中立及不批評的態度 ④治療及復健的過程需長期不斷的努力才能成功，治療的第一步是禁止再使用",28,2,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":16},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-042","有關全民健保之兒童牙齒塗氟的補助對象，下列何者錯誤？",42,109,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":16},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-080","社區護理師在社區中若發現有疑似失智症個案須進一步確立診斷，應轉介至下列那個機構較適當？",80,110,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":51},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-044","有關鉛中毒的敘述，下列何者最不適當？",44,111,{"webId":68,"stem":69,"number":70,"year":71,"session":51},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-078","周女士 BMI＝26（kg\u002Fm 2 ），腰圍 88 公分且無規律運動習慣，想要利用運動來減重，下列何者對她減重的運動指導最為正確？①以有氧運動最佳 ②每週至少需進行 150 分鐘以上中強度身體活動 ③從事高強度的運動，才能達到減重效果 ④騎一般速度腳踏車比跑步消耗更多熱量",78,112,"2026-09-29",1790672290630]