[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":74},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-018":3},{"subject":4,"prev":5,"next":8,"subjectSlug":11,"subjectFullName":4,"question":12,"related":45,"lastmod":73},"精神科與社區衛生護理學",{"webId":6,"number":7},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-017",17,{"webId":9,"number":10},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-019",19,"psychiatric-community",{"id":13,"webId":14,"year":15,"session":16,"subject":4,"number":17,"stem":18,"scenario":19,"carryOver":19,"options":20,"answer":25,"answerNote":19,"images":26,"explanation":27,"explanationDeep":28,"topics":29,"freq":32,"concepts":41},"nurse-108-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-018","nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-018",108,1,18,"思覺失調症病人出現話少表情淡漠，不願參加慢性病房團體活動，整日躺床，前述狀況最可能為下列何種症狀？",null,{"A":21,"B":22,"C":23,"D":24},"幻聽症狀干擾","負性症狀表現","思考障礙","怪異行為","B",[],"本題考點是思覺失調症正性症狀與負性症狀的區辨。依症狀學定義,負性症狀是正常功能的減少或缺失,包括言語貧乏、情感表達平淡、動機缺乏、無社交意願與退縮少動,題幹中話少、表情淡漠、不參加團體活動、整日躺床正是這一組表現的組合,故選 B。A 幻聽干擾屬正性症狀,典型表現為自言自語、側耳傾聽、無故發笑或對空回應,而非全面的活動減少;C 思考障礙指思考流程或內容的異常,如聯想鬆弛、答非所問、妄想,須從言談內容判斷,題幹並未描述其言談紊亂;D 怪異行為指與情境明顯不相稱的異常舉動,如奇裝異服、儀式化動作,同屬功能的異常增加而非減少。","正性與負性的分辨可用一句話定調:正性是「多出來的」(幻覺、妄想、言語紊亂、怪異行為),負性是「少掉的」。負性症狀常以英文字首速記為 5A:Affective flattening 情感平淡、Alogia 言語貧乏、Avolition 動機缺乏、Anhedonia 快感缺乏、Asociality 社交退縮。臨床意義在於,正性症狀對傳統抗精神病藥物反應較佳,負性症狀與認知症狀則反應有限,且與長期社會功能及預後關係更密切,因此復健重點放在社交技巧訓練、日間留院與職能治療。護理上要特別注意鑑別:負性症狀的退縮少動易與憂鬱症或抗精神病藥物引起的次發性表現(如鎮靜、動作遲緩、藥物誘發的類巴金森氏症)混淆,評估時需對照用藥史與情緒基調。可連結概念:思覺失調症的病程與預後、社交技巧訓練、錐體外徑症狀的辨識。",[30,33,35,37,39],{"term":31,"count":32},"正性症狀",7,{"term":34,"count":16},"負性症狀 5A",{"term":36,"count":16},"思覺失調症症狀學",{"term":38,"count":16},"情感平淡與動機缺乏",{"term":40,"count":16},"負性症狀與預後",[42],{"id":43,"name":44},"schizophrenia","思覺失調症",[46,48,53,58,62,67],{"webId":9,"stem":47,"number":10,"year":15,"session":16},"劉先生因患憂鬱症，住院期間不言不語，不吃不喝，護理人員與其會談時，劉先生都閉口不說話，最合適的護理措施為下列何者？",{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":15,"session":52},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-035","在社區精神衛生護理中，精神科護理之家的設立較屬於那種層級之預防工作？",35,2,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":16},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-049","幸福里成立守望相助隊加強社區安全防護工作，是符合華倫（Warren）所提出五大社區功能中的那一項？",49,109,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":32,"year":61,"session":52},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-007","護理師在與病人建立關係的過程中常需要自我坦露（self disclosure），有關自我坦露的敘述，下列何者較適當？",110,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":52},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-051","以走街式調查法進行社區健康評估，較不適合用來收集下列那一個系統的資料？",51,111,{"webId":68,"stem":69,"number":70,"year":71,"session":72},"nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-005","33 歲病人，躁症發作，午餐時間未用餐，護理師去叫病人吃飯，病人說：「房市我最懂，臺北、新北和竹北我都有置產買房，你叫我吃飯，我就送你一間房。」護理師說：「謝謝，你先告訴我，你要坐在那裡吃午餐？」此時護理師所運用的溝通技巧，下列何項最適宜？",5,112,3,"2026-09-29",1790672290704]