[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":75},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-022":3},{"subject":4,"prev":5,"next":8,"subjectSlug":11,"subjectFullName":4,"question":12,"related":46,"lastmod":74},"精神科與社區衛生護理學",{"webId":6,"number":7},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-021",21,{"webId":9,"number":10},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-023",23,"psychiatric-community",{"id":13,"webId":14,"year":15,"session":16,"subject":4,"number":17,"stem":18,"scenario":19,"carryOver":19,"options":20,"answer":25,"answerNote":19,"images":26,"explanation":27,"explanationDeep":28,"topics":29,"freq":32,"concepts":42},"nurse-108-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-022","nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-022",108,1,22,"張同學情緒低落，母親偷看她的日記發現有輕生的念頭，送醫院接受治療，住院期間，對於他人的接近感到厭煩，對於病房活動參與不積極，常待在房間，不願到大廳活動，下列那一項短期目標較適當？",null,{"A":21,"B":22,"C":23,"D":24},"可以與護理人員討論改善人際關係的方法","可以分析自己人際關係的優缺點","能主動與同室病友打招呼","在護理人員陪伴下願意到大廳走動","D",[],"本題考點是護理目標的可行性與「短期目標須循序漸進、可觀察、個案現況可達成」原則。依護理過程中目標設定的 SMART 原則與行為漸進法，短期目標應以個案目前退縮程度為起點，只跨一小步，故選 D「在護理人員陪伴下願意到大廳走動」——保留護理人員陪伴這個支持條件，且行為具體可觀察，符合社交退縮者的第一階段。A 需要個案具備討論與反思人際議題的意願，屬中期目標。B 要求分析自己人際關係的優缺點，是認知層次更高的自我覺察，屬長期目標。C 主動與病友打招呼要求個案自行發起人際互動，對「對他人接近感到厭煩」的個案而言跨度過大，應排在 D 達成之後。","社交退縮個案的護理目標可排成階梯：接受護理人員一對一陪伴 → 在陪伴下進入公共空間（本題 D）→ 在團體中被動參與 → 主動與人打招呼（C）→ 討論人際策略（A）→ 分析自我人際模式（B）。國考只要看到「短期目標」四個字，答案幾乎必定落在階梯最下面兩階，且句子裡常含「在……陪伴下」「協助下」這類支持性條件語。\n\n目標書寫的四要素口訣：「誰、做什麼、在什麼條件下、何時達成」。A、B 兩項缺乏可觀察的行為動詞（「討論」「分析」的達成與否難以客觀認定），本身就先輸一截；C 雖具體可觀察，但條件語缺席，等同要求個案獨力完成。\n\n另需注意本題個案背景是青少年憂鬱伴自殺意念，安全評估仍是最優先的護理問題，但題目問的是針對「人際退縮」此一護理診斷的短期目標，故不選安全相關選項。可延伸複習：護理診斷「社交隔離」與「情境性低自尊」之區辨、Peplau 人際關係理論的四階段、行為塑造（shaping）與逐步暴露。",[30,33,36,38,40],{"term":31,"count":32},"行為塑造",4,{"term":34,"count":35},"護理過程",3,{"term":37,"count":16},"短期目標設定原則",{"term":39,"count":16},"SMART 目標",{"term":41,"count":16},"社交退縮護理",[43],{"id":44,"name":45},"depression","憂鬱症",[47,49,54,59,64,69],{"webId":9,"stem":48,"number":10,"year":15,"session":16},"魏小姐，32 歲，憂鬱症，第 2 次入院，今早護理人員與家屬會談時，家屬無奈表示，對於魏小姐的病很不能諒解，認為她是不願承受壓力，逃避壓力才會裝病，整天無病呻吟，全家人為了照顧她，都搞得生活大亂，護理人員對於家屬的抱怨，下列何種回應較適當？",{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":15,"session":53},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-039","針對家庭暴力，護理師的治療性措施，下列敘述何者正確？",39,2,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":16},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-053","護理師執行社區均衡飲食計畫，下列何者為行為目標的效果評價？",53,109,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":53},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-011","護理人員應用行為治療原則於急性病房住院精神疾病病人，下列何者最適當？",11,110,{"webId":65,"stem":66,"number":67,"year":68,"session":53},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-055","護理師進行社區評估，運用政府或相關機構的統計資料，是屬於何種評估方法？",55,111,{"webId":70,"stem":71,"number":72,"year":73,"session":35},"nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-009","有關電氣痙攣療法（ECT）的敘述，下列何者正確？",9,112,"2026-09-29",1790672290760]