[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":75},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-033":3},{"subject":4,"prev":5,"next":8,"subjectSlug":11,"subjectFullName":4,"question":12,"related":46,"lastmod":74},"精神科與社區衛生護理學",{"webId":6,"number":7},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-032",32,{"webId":9,"number":10},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-034",34,"psychiatric-community",{"id":13,"webId":14,"year":15,"session":16,"subject":4,"number":17,"stem":18,"scenario":19,"carryOver":19,"options":20,"answer":25,"answerNote":19,"images":26,"explanation":27,"explanationDeep":28,"topics":29,"freq":32,"concepts":42},"nurse-108-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-033","nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-033",108,1,33,"慢性精神病人參與庇護性工場活動之訓練目的，下列何者正確？",null,{"A":21,"B":22,"C":23,"D":24},"增強面對高壓力情境的工作技能","提供工作態度和工作能力的訓練","做為競爭性工作的基礎","達到自給自足的收入","B",[],"本題考點是庇護性工場的定位與訓練目標。庇護性就業提供受保護、低壓力、有專人督導的工作場域,對象是工作能力尚不足以進入一般職場的慢性精神病人;其目的在培養最基礎的職業適應——規律出勤、遵守指令、維持專注與完成度、與同事相處並接受回饋,即工作態度與工作能力的訓練,故選 B。A 錯在高壓力:庇護性工場刻意降低壓力與人際刺激。C 錯在跨階:其直接目標是基礎工作適應,距競爭性就業還隔著過渡性與支持性兩階。D 錯在收入:給付多為計件訓練津貼,經濟自立是職業重建最末端的成果。","【職業重建階梯(由保護到獨立)】庇護性就業 → 過渡性就業 → 支持性就業 → 競爭性就業。四階的判別點:\n・庇護性就業(sheltered employment):在庇護工場等專設場域,環境與進度全面調整,工作人員密集督導,給付為訓練津貼,無時限。\n・過渡性就業(transitional employment):由機構向一般企業商借職缺,病人限時輪替(常見 6–9 個月一輪)上工,做的是真實職場的工作但位子是機構的,期滿換下一位,目的是累積真實職場經驗。關鍵字是「限時、輪替、位子屬於機構」。\n・支持性就業(supported employment):病人已受僱於一般競爭性職場、領一般薪資,由就業服務員(job coach)提供不限時的持續支持,採先安置後訓練(place-then-train)。關鍵字是「一般職場、長期支持、位子屬於病人」。\n・競爭性就業(competitive employment):完全獨立求職與任職,不需外部支持。\n口訣「庇→過→支→競」,支持性排在過渡性之後——過渡性只是限時的過渡安排,支持性已經是進入一般職場的長期就業。\n\n【常考對比】庇護性工場 vs 日間留院:前者以職業訓練與生產活動為主軸,後者以維持日常生活功能、社交技巧與症狀監測為主軸,兩者都屬社區復健但目標不同。\n\n【延伸】會所模式(clubhouse,如台灣的康復之友會所)是過渡性就業的典型載體;精神復健的整體目標依序為症狀穩定→日常生活自理→社交技巧→職業功能→獨立生活,職業重建位於後段。",[30,33,36,38,40],{"term":31,"count":32},"精神復健",17,{"term":34,"count":35},"支持性就業",2,{"term":37,"count":16},"庇護性就業",{"term":39,"count":16},"職業重建階梯",{"term":41,"count":16},"過渡性就業",[43],{"id":44,"name":45},"psychiatric-rehabilitation","精神復健與社區精神衛生",[47,49,53,58,63,68],{"webId":9,"stem":48,"number":10,"year":15,"session":16},"社區精神衛生護理師的主要角色功能，下列何者正確？",{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":15,"session":35},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-050","有關醫療廢棄物的處理敘述，下列何者正確？",50,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":16},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-064","有關化學性水媒疾病，下列敘述何者正確？",64,109,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":35},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-022","劉先生為思覺失調症病人，身體具異味，衣著髒亂，無法自行清潔身體，針對劉先生自我照顧功能退化的護理，下列何者正確？",22,110,{"webId":64,"stem":65,"number":66,"year":67,"session":35},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-066","社區護理師用來改善社區獨居老人支持系統的措施，下列何者最不適當？",66,111,{"webId":69,"stem":70,"number":71,"year":72,"session":73},"nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-020","出現柯沙寇夫症候群（Korsakoff’s syndrome）的酒精成癮者，其典型症狀為何？",20,112,3,"2026-09-29",1790672290898]