[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":75},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-036":3},{"subject":4,"prev":5,"next":8,"subjectSlug":11,"subjectFullName":4,"question":12,"related":47,"lastmod":74},"精神科與社區衛生護理學",{"webId":6,"number":7},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-035",35,{"webId":9,"number":10},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-037",37,"psychiatric-community",{"id":13,"webId":14,"year":15,"session":16,"subject":4,"number":17,"stem":18,"scenario":19,"carryOver":19,"options":20,"answer":25,"answerNote":19,"images":26,"explanation":27,"explanationDeep":28,"topics":29,"freq":32,"concepts":43},"nurse-108-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-036","nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-036",108,1,36,"有關危機處置的技巧，下列何者正確？",null,{"A":21,"B":22,"C":23,"D":24},"危機處置必須以長期漸進的問題解決為目的","宣洩是指病人談到所關切的事，產生情感釋放與減輕壓力的功能","會談中宜阻止病人哭泣，以特殊情境進入事件中","澄清是指影響病人去接受某個信念或想法","B",[],"本題考點是危機處置的基本技巧與名詞定義。依危機理論，宣洩（catharsis 或 ventilation）指個案將其所關切的事件與伴隨的強烈情緒以語言表達出來，藉由情感釋放降低內在張力與壓力積累，是危機會談中的核心技巧，故 B 敘述正確。A 錯在「長期漸進」，危機處置的定義即為短期、聚焦、有時限的介入（一般約 4–6 週），目標是恢復到危機前的功能水準，而非長期人格重整。C 錯在阻止個案哭泣，哭泣本身即是情緒宣洩的形式，應予以接納並提供安全空間，阻止反而阻斷情感釋放。D 錯在定義混淆，澄清（clarification）是指針對模糊或矛盾的訊息請個案進一步說明以確認意義，選項所述「影響病人去接受某個信念或想法」實為建議或說服（suggestion／persuasion），並非澄清。","危機處置的技巧可整理成一組定義對照表，國考極愛互換名詞：宣洩＝說出來、情緒釋放；澄清＝把模糊的說清楚，確認彼此理解一致；反映＝把個案的情緒說回去（「聽起來你很無助」）；聚焦（focusing）＝把離題的會談拉回核心議題；建議／說服＝影響個案接受某想法（危機處置中可有限度使用，但不等於澄清）；再保證＝提供合理範圍內的支持（須避免流於虛假保證）。\n\n危機的定義本身也是常考點：當個人面臨無法以慣用因應方式解決的失衡狀態，且事件超出既有資源時即形成危機。Caplan 的危機四階段為：張力升高 → 慣用方法失效、焦慮加劇 → 動用新資源與求助 → 若仍未解決則人格解組。介入的黃金期正是在第三階段，個案求助動機最強、可塑性最高。\n\n危機介入的目標順序：確保安全 → 情緒宣洩 → 評估事件與意義 → 盤點支持資源 → 發展新的因應方式 → 連結資源與追蹤。口訣「安全、宣洩、評估、資源、因應」。\n\n可延伸複習：危機的三型（發展性、情境性、社會性）、危機介入與心理治療的差異（時限、目標深度、聚焦程度）、災難心理衛生的介入原則。",[30,33,36,39,41],{"term":31,"count":32},"危機處置",5,{"term":34,"count":35},"澄清技巧",3,{"term":37,"count":38},"危機理論",2,{"term":40,"count":16},"宣洩(catharsis)",{"term":42,"count":16},"Caplan 危機四階段",[44],{"id":45,"name":46},"crisis-intervention","危機處置、災難心理與家庭暴力",[48,50,54,59,64,69],{"webId":9,"stem":49,"number":10,"year":15,"session":16},"有關自殺防治策略的說明，下列何者正確？",{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":15,"session":38},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-053","對於青少女懷孕，下列何者屬三段五級的第三級預防之措施？",53,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":16},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-067","承上題，王護理師要了解張太太子宮頸癌追蹤檢查情形，下列那種處置最合宜？",67,109,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":38},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-025","有關急性壓力症（acute stress disorder），下列敘述何者錯誤？",25,110,{"webId":65,"stem":66,"number":67,"year":68,"session":38},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-069","有關校園結核病護理指導，下列何者正確？① 結核病主要為直接接觸傳染應保持教室通風 ②教職員生若有咳嗽超過一週應建議其盡速就醫 ③都治計畫是針對確診個案的治療策略 ④結核病指標個案是指確定診斷的結核病病人",69,111,{"webId":70,"stem":71,"number":72,"year":73,"session":35},"nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-023","社區心理衛生護理人員會主動關心社區中需要健康服務的民眾，利用工具與會談技巧，篩檢社區中的高危險群，以達早期發現的目的。此護理人員執行角色最符合下列何者？",23,112,"2026-09-29",1790672290922]