[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":76},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-039":3},{"subject":4,"prev":5,"next":8,"subjectSlug":11,"subjectFullName":4,"question":12,"related":46,"lastmod":75},"精神科與社區衛生護理學",{"webId":6,"number":7},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-038",38,{"webId":9,"number":10},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-040",40,"psychiatric-community",{"id":13,"webId":14,"year":15,"session":16,"subject":4,"number":17,"stem":18,"scenario":19,"carryOver":19,"options":20,"answer":25,"answerNote":19,"images":26,"explanation":27,"explanationDeep":28,"topics":29,"freq":32,"concepts":42},"nurse-108-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-039","nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-039",108,1,39,"關於自閉症類群障礙症（原為自閉性疾患）的描述，下列何者正確？",null,{"A":21,"B":22,"C":23,"D":24},"喜歡玩車子的輪子之儀式化行為","喜歡主動參與「扮家家酒」的遊戲","堅持每天走固定的路線回家之儀式化行為","對感官刺激反應過強的仿說言語","C",[],"本題考點是自閉症類群障礙症的兩大核心症狀，尤其是「侷限重複的行為、興趣與活動」中的固著性常規。依 DSM 對自閉症類群障礙症的診斷準則，其 B 準則包含刻板重複的動作或語言、對常規的過度堅持與儀式化行為、高度侷限的固著興趣、以及對感官刺激的過強或過弱反應；「堅持每天走固定的路線回家」正屬對常規僵化堅持的儀式化行為，敘述正確，故選 C。A 錯在概念歸類，玩車子輪子屬對物品部分特徵的固著興趣或重複操弄物品，非屬儀式化行為，選項將兩者混稱。B 錯在「扮家家酒」屬假扮性與想像性遊戲，需具備社會互動與心智理論能力，正是自閉症個案明顯缺損之處，不會主動喜歡參與。D 錯在把兩個不同準則硬接在一起，仿說（echolalia）屬刻板重複的語言，與感官刺激反應過強分屬不同表現，敘述有誤。","DSM 把自閉症類群障礙症整併為兩大核心：A 準則社會溝通與社會互動的持續缺損（社會情緒互惠、非語言溝通行為、發展與維持關係）；B 準則侷限重複的行為模式（刻板動作或語言、堅持同一性與常規、侷限固著的興趣、感官反應異常）。口訣：「社交兩缺、行為四固」。\n\n本題四個選項全部落在 B 準則的四個子項附近，考的是子項之間的正確歸屬——這是精緻型干擾題的常見手法：不是對錯之爭，而是「這個行為算哪一類」。玩輪子＝固著興趣或重複操弄物品；固定路線＝堅持同一性；仿說＝刻板語言；摀耳朵怕聲音＝感官反應過強。四者各有歸屬，不可互相嫁接。\n\n心智理論（theory of mind）的缺損是理解 B 選項的關鍵：假扮遊戲需要能將一個物件表徵為另一個物件、並理解他人心中的想像，自閉症幼兒在此明顯落後，臨床上「缺乏假扮性遊戲」正是早期篩檢的重要指標之一。\n\n可延伸複習：自閉症的早期警訊（一歲不會用手指指東西、不會回應叫名、缺乏眼神接觸與共享式注意力）、M-CHAT 篩檢工具、與注意力不足過動症及智能發展障礙的共病與鑑別、結構化教學（TEACCH）與應用行為分析（ABA）的介入原則。",[30,33,36,38,40],{"term":31,"count":32},"自閉症類群障礙症",9,{"term":34,"count":35},"DSM 診斷準則",5,{"term":37,"count":16},"儀式化行為與堅持同一性",{"term":39,"count":16},"心智理論",{"term":41,"count":16},"仿說(echolalia)",[43],{"id":44,"name":45},"child-adolescent-disorders","兒童青少年精神疾患",[47,49,54,59,64,69],{"webId":9,"stem":48,"number":10,"year":15,"session":16},"許小姐被家人送來急診，醫師在病歷上寫許小姐有自殺企圖（suicide attempt），下列何項屬於自殺企圖的評估？",{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":15,"session":53},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-056","有關代謝症候群的防治策略，下列何者為初段預防？",56,2,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":16},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-070","目前全民健保所提供的免費產前檢查項目，下列何者正確？",70,109,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":53},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-028","有關物質使用障礙心理治療的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",28,110,{"webId":65,"stem":66,"number":67,"year":68,"session":53},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-072","有關居家式照顧服務的敘述，下列何者較不適當？",72,111,{"webId":70,"stem":71,"number":72,"year":73,"session":74},"nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-026","有關全民健康保險的敘述，下列何者正確？①屬強制性社會保險 ②主要收入來源為保險費 ③被保險人所負擔的眷屬數最多計算到 3 人 ④除特殊對象外，採部分負擔制",26,112,3,"2026-09-29",1790672290984]