[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":74},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-043":3},{"subject":4,"prev":5,"next":8,"subjectSlug":11,"subjectFullName":4,"question":12,"related":44,"lastmod":73},"精神科與社區衛生護理學",{"webId":6,"number":7},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-042",42,{"webId":9,"number":10},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-044",44,"psychiatric-community",{"id":13,"webId":14,"year":15,"session":16,"subject":4,"number":17,"stem":18,"scenario":19,"carryOver":19,"options":20,"answer":25,"answerNote":19,"images":26,"explanation":27,"explanationDeep":28,"topics":29,"freq":16,"concepts":40},"nurse-108-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-043","nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-043",108,1,43,"為服務轄區之失智長者，下列何種指標最適合作為規劃社區關懷據點數目的依據？",null,{"A":21,"B":22,"C":23,"D":24},"發生率","盛行率","死亡率","致死率","B",[],"本題考點是流行病學指標與社區資源規劃的對應關係。依盛行率（prevalence）的定義，它是某一時點社區內「現存所有病例數」佔全人口的比率，代表當下實際需要被服務的人數，規劃關懷據點的數量屬於服務量能配置，需要的正是現存失智長者總數，故選 B。（A）發生率只計算特定期間內「新發生」的個案，適合評估疾病風險與病因探討，會低估既有需照護人口。（C）死亡率反映的是死亡負擔，與存活中的失智長者照護需求無直接關係。（D）致死率是罹病者中死亡的比例，用於衡量疾病嚴重度與預後，不能推估服務量。","口訣：「發生率看風險、盛行率看負擔、死亡率看結果、致死率看嚴重度。」凡題目出現「規劃人力、床位、據點、預算、長照資源」等資源配置字眼，答案幾乎都是盛行率；出現「探討病因、評估危險因子、比較介入效果」則指向發生率。\n\n三者的量化關係也可連結：盛行率 ≈ 發生率 × 平均病程（P ≈ I × D）。失智症正是典型的低發生率、長病程疾病，因此盛行率遠高於發生率，若誤用發生率規劃據點會嚴重低估需求，這也是本題設計此情境的用意。盛行率再細分為時點盛行率（point prevalence）與期間盛行率（period prevalence），慢性病資源規劃多採時點盛行率。\n\n延伸複習：可一併整理罹病率（morbidity rate）、發病率、續發感染率（secondary attack rate）與致死率（case fatality rate）的分子分母寫法，這一族指標幾乎每年必考一題。",[30,32,34,36,38],{"term":31,"count":16},"盛行率 prevalence",{"term":33,"count":16},"發生率 incidence",{"term":35,"count":16},"致死率 case fatality rate",{"term":37,"count":16},"P ≈ I × D",{"term":39,"count":16},"長期照護資源規劃",[41],{"id":42,"name":43},"epidemiology-measures","流行病學指標與篩檢效度",[45,47,52,57,62,67],{"webId":9,"stem":46,"number":10,"year":15,"session":16},"每年 6～8 月藉由殺蟲劑的噴灑以防止登革熱的傳染，是屬於那一種傳染病防治的策略？",{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":15,"session":51},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-060","有關社區衛生護理的發展，下列敘述何者錯誤？",60,2,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":16},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-074","為使住院病童於社區獲得持續性的照護，下列何者最適當？",74,109,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":51},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-032","有關臺灣老年精神健康問題與疾病，下列敘述何者正確？",32,110,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":51},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-076","有關長者在家進行肌力和肌耐力訓練，下列敘述何者錯誤？",76,111,{"webId":68,"stem":69,"number":70,"year":71,"session":72},"nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-030","以糖尿病篩檢工具對 300 人進行篩檢，結果顯示 26 個糖尿病人中有 16 人為陽性反應，274 個沒有糖尿病人中 270 人為陰性反應。此篩檢工具的敏感度為何？",30,112,3,"2026-09-29",1790672291035]