[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":75},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-045":3},{"subject":4,"prev":5,"next":8,"subjectSlug":11,"subjectFullName":4,"question":12,"related":46,"lastmod":74},"精神科與社區衛生護理學",{"webId":6,"number":7},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-044",44,{"webId":9,"number":10},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-046",46,"psychiatric-community",{"id":13,"webId":14,"year":15,"session":16,"subject":4,"number":17,"stem":18,"scenario":19,"carryOver":19,"options":20,"answer":25,"answerNote":19,"images":26,"explanation":27,"explanationDeep":28,"topics":29,"freq":31,"concepts":42},"nurse-108-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-045","nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-045",108,1,45,"當 PM2.5 指數過高時，社區衛生護理人員衛教社區居民外出需戴口罩，此作法乃三段五級預防模式的那一項？",null,{"A":21,"B":22,"C":23,"D":24},"健康促進","特殊保護","早期治療","限制殘障","B",[],"本題考點是 Leavell 與 Clark 三段五級預防模式的分級判定。依該模式，初段預防包含第一級健康促進與第二級特殊保護，其中特殊保護是針對「已知的特定致病因子」採取阻斷暴露的具體措施。PM2.5 為明確的空氣污染致病因子，衛教居民外出戴口罩即為阻斷該特定暴露途徑，故屬特殊保護，選 B。（A）健康促進是非特異性的一般性強身措施，如均衡飲食、規律運動、衛生教育普及化，未針對單一致病原。（C）早期治療屬次段預防第三級，是疾病已發生後的篩檢與早期診斷。（D）限制殘障屬末段預防第四級，目的在防止病情惡化與失能。","三段五級的完整對照，建議背成一張表：\n\n初段預防（疾病未發生）→ ①健康促進：衛生教育、營養、運動、遺傳優生、婚姻諮商；②特殊保護：預防接種、口罩、安全帽、防護具、事故傷害防範、職業病防護、加氟。\n次段預防（疾病早期）→ ③早期診斷早期治療：篩檢（癌篩、成人健檢、接觸者胸部 X 光）。\n末段預防（疾病已明顯）→ ④限制殘障：積極治療、防併發症；⑤復健：物理／職能治療、義肢、心理與職業復健、回歸社會。\n\n第一級與第二級最容易混淆，判別關鍵字是「有沒有指名特定致病因子」：講一般性、全面性的 → 健康促進；講針對某某病原／某某危害的具體防護 → 特殊保護。本題有 PM2.5 這個明確標的，因此不是 A。\n\n延伸複習：可與 Ottawa 憲章五大行動綱領、健康信念模式（HBM）中的自覺行動利益與障礙一併連結，社區衛教題常三者交叉命題。",[30,32,34,37,40],{"term":21,"count":31},18,{"term":22,"count":33},11,{"term":35,"count":36},"初段預防",6,{"term":38,"count":39},"Leavell & Clark 三段五級預防",2,{"term":41,"count":16},"PM2.5 空氣污染",[43],{"id":44,"name":45},"prevention-levels","三段五級預防與疾病自然史",[47,49,53,58,63,68],{"webId":9,"stem":48,"number":10,"year":15,"session":16},"多重抗藥性肺結核（MDR-TB）的逐漸增加，目前 WHO 在肺結核治療大力推動的方法為下列何者？",{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":15,"session":39},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-062","某研究想探討嚼檳榔與口腔癌是否有相關，研究者找了 50 位口腔癌患者及 50 位無口腔癌患者，並詢問是否有嚼檳榔。根據上述的病例對照研究資料，下列敘述何者正確？",62,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":16},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-076","在長期照護機構內發現住民感染疥瘡，下列處理何者最不適當？",76,109,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":39},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-034","有關罹患注意力缺陷過動症（ADHD）學齡期兒童的治療計畫，下列敘述何者錯誤？",34,110,{"webId":64,"stem":65,"number":66,"year":67,"session":39},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-078","有關老人跌倒的危險因子中，下列何者屬於外因性的因素？",78,111,{"webId":69,"stem":70,"number":71,"year":72,"session":73},"nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-032","推動社區健康營造相關活動前，所進行的健康社區評估具有三大面向的特色，不包含下列那一個面向？",32,112,3,"2026-09-29",1790672291064]