[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":74},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-057":3},{"subject":4,"prev":5,"next":8,"subjectSlug":11,"subjectFullName":4,"question":12,"related":46,"lastmod":73},"精神科與社區衛生護理學",{"webId":6,"number":7},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-056",56,{"webId":9,"number":10},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-058",58,"psychiatric-community",{"id":13,"webId":14,"year":15,"session":16,"subject":4,"number":17,"stem":18,"scenario":19,"carryOver":19,"options":20,"answer":25,"answerNote":19,"images":26,"explanation":27,"explanationDeep":28,"topics":29,"freq":32,"concepts":42},"nurse-108-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-057","nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-057",108,1,57,"有關臺灣公共衛生照護重點的變遷順序，下列何者正確？①家庭計畫　②婦幼衛生　③人口老化　④傳染病防治",null,{"A":21,"B":22,"C":23,"D":24},"①②④③","②①④③","④①②③","④②①③","D",[],"本題考點是臺灣公共衛生發展史的階段順序。依我國公共衛生演進，光復初期（民國 30～40 年代）的首要威脅是瘧疾、天花、霍亂、結核等傳染病，故先推動傳染病防治④；疫情控制後，民國 40～50 年代轉入婦幼衛生②，建立衛生所公共衛生護士體系、推廣新法接生以降低孕產婦與嬰兒死亡率；隨後因人口快速成長，民國 50～60 年代推動家庭計畫①（「兩個孩子恰恰好」）；至近年少子化與平均餘命延長，重點轉為人口老化③與長期照護，故順序為④②①③，選 D。（A）（B）（C）皆將傳染病防治或家庭計畫的順位置錯，與史實不符。","記憶主線可簡化為一句因果鏈：「先讓人活下來（傳染病防治）→ 再讓母嬰安全（婦幼衛生）→ 人太多要節育（家庭計畫）→ 人太老要照顧（人口老化）」。這條鏈本身就是人口轉型理論（demographic transition）的縮影：高出生高死亡 → 高出生低死亡（人口爆炸期，故推家庭計畫）→ 低出生低死亡（高齡化）。\n\n各階段的代表性措施可對照補強：傳染病防治期——瘧疾根除計畫（1965 年獲 WHO 認證根除）、天花與小兒麻痺防治、預防接種體系建立；婦幼衛生期——新法接生取代舊式產婆、衛生所公共衛生護士家訪、孕產婦與嬰幼兒健康管理；家庭計畫期——1964 年起推行，口號自「五三口號」到「兩個孩子恰恰好，男孩女孩一樣好」；人口老化期——2007 年長照十年計畫、2017 年長照 2.0 與 ABC 社區整體照顧模式。\n\n延伸複習：本題常與人口金字塔型態（增長型、靜止型、縮減型）、扶養比、老化指數（65 歲以上人口 ÷ 0～14 歲人口 ×100）併題，第 043 題的盛行率概念也在長照資源規劃中再次登場。",[30,33,36,38,40],{"term":31,"count":32},"傳染病防治",5,{"term":34,"count":35},"婦幼衛生",2,{"term":37,"count":35},"家庭計畫",{"term":39,"count":35},"人口轉型理論",{"term":41,"count":16},"臺灣公共衛生發展史",[43],{"id":44,"name":45},"community-nursing-roles","社區衛生護理發展與護理師角色",[47,49,53,58,63,68],{"webId":9,"stem":48,"number":10,"year":15,"session":16},"下列何項統計數值為決定家庭計畫推展之依據？",{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":15,"session":35},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-074","根據 2025 衛生福利政策白皮書中，對於健全社會安全及綿密弱勢照顧體系方面的做法或成就之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",74,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":35},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-008","阿雄國小三年級，自從父母離婚後，與母親相依為命，但於母親再婚後出現翹課、不參加活動，顯得鬰鬰寡歡，母親極為苦惱而接受家庭治療的幫助，有關其家庭治療的主要目的，下列何項正確？ ①矯正個人性格的偏差 ②改善家庭功能 ③協助家庭改善問題 ④改善家庭成員的互動",8,109,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":35},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-046","承上題，健康里的一般生育率（general fertility rate , GFR），下列何者正確？",46,110,{"webId":64,"stem":65,"number":66,"year":67,"session":16},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-010","依據 DSM-5 診斷準則，有關思覺失調症（Schizophrenia）診斷標準的描述，下列何者正確？",10,112,{"webId":69,"stem":70,"number":71,"year":67,"session":72},"nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-044","有關維持兒童與青少年健康體位的護理指導，下列何者最適當？",44,3,"2026-09-29",1790672291232]