[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":73},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-060":3},{"subject":4,"prev":5,"next":8,"subjectSlug":11,"subjectFullName":4,"question":12,"related":44,"lastmod":72},"精神科與社區衛生護理學",{"webId":6,"number":7},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-059",59,{"webId":9,"number":10},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-061",61,"psychiatric-community",{"id":13,"webId":14,"year":15,"session":16,"subject":4,"number":17,"stem":18,"scenario":19,"carryOver":19,"options":20,"answer":25,"answerNote":19,"images":26,"explanation":27,"explanationDeep":28,"topics":29,"freq":16,"concepts":40},"nurse-108-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-060","nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-060",108,1,60,"根據 Donabedian（1982）提出的結構（structure）、過程（process）、結果（outcome）概念進行社區健康方案的評值，下列何者正確？",null,{"A":21,"B":22,"C":23,"D":24},"保存每次方案進行的紀錄屬於結構評值","了解社區居民對健康知識或態度的改變屬於過程評值","了解方案運用的人力與資源是否適當屬於過程評值","了解社區居民的罹病率及死亡率屬於結果評值","D",[],"本題考點是 Donabedian 品質評值三面向在社區健康方案的應用。依其定義，結果評值衡量的是照護介入後服務對象健康狀態的實際改變，罹病率與死亡率正是最典型的健康結果指標，故選 D。（A）錯誤，保存方案進行紀錄屬於方案執行過程中的活動與紀錄，應歸為過程評值，而非結構評值。（B）錯誤，社區居民健康知識或態度的改變是介入後產生的成效，屬結果評值而非過程評值。（C）錯誤，人力與資源是否適當屬於投入面的條件與設施，應歸為結構評值而非過程評值。","三面向的定義用「投入—做—得到」三段來記最不會亂：\n\n結構（structure）＝投入面的固定條件——人力配置與資格、經費預算、場地設備、組織制度與政策、資訊系統。問「有沒有足夠的人與資源」就是結構。\n過程（process）＝實際做了什麼——執行步驟是否依計畫、衛教場次與出席率、家訪次數、護理紀錄書寫、遵循標準作業流程與否。問「做得對不對、做了多少」就是過程。\n結果（outcome）＝做完之後改變了什麼——知識態度行為改變、生理指標（血壓、糖化血色素）改善、罹病率、死亡率、失能率、滿意度、生活品質。問「有沒有變好」就是結果。\n\n本題三個錯誤選項全是「面向張冠李戴」的典型出法，只要能把三個關鍵字（條件／執行／改變）掛回定義即可全部拆解。注意 B 之所以是結果而非過程，是因為知識與態度屬於介入所欲達成的近端結果（short-term outcome），而非執行活動本身。\n\n延伸複習：可與方案評值的其他分類對照——形成性評值（過程中進行、供修正）對總結性評值（結束後進行、判定成效）；效率（efficiency，投入產出比）、效果（effectiveness，是否達成目標）、適當性（appropriateness）、可近性（accessibility）等評值指標亦常同場命題。",[30,32,34,36,38],{"term":31,"count":16},"Donabedian 品質評值模式",{"term":33,"count":16},"結構評值",{"term":35,"count":16},"過程評值",{"term":37,"count":16},"結果評值",{"term":39,"count":16},"社區健康方案評值",[41],{"id":42,"name":43},"community-planning-evaluation","社區健康問題排序與計畫評價",[45,47,52,57,62,67],{"webId":9,"stem":46,"number":10,"year":15,"session":16},"社區讓個人在不同發展階段和過程中不斷學習，發展新的知識、信念、行為模式與價值觀等，屬於 Warren（1972）所提出的那一項社區功能？",{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":15,"session":51},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-077","李先生，因工作意外全身癱瘓，剛從醫院出院，有氣切管及導尿管，由太太在家照顧，沐浴及外出均受到居家環境的限制。社區衛生護理師評估李太太因無人輪替，有緊張、焦慮等情形，且其照護能力尚未純熟。為讓李家得到較周全的協助，社區衛生護理師可將其轉介至下列那一個機構？",77,2,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":51},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-011","王女士平日容易緊張且抱怨晚上睡不好，醫師開立 triazolam（Halcion）0.25 mg 睡前服用，護理師給予服藥注意事項之指導，下列何項正確？①注意暈眩並防跌倒 ②造成靜坐困難 ③避免同時吃葡萄柚 ④避免同時服用紅黴素（erythromycin）",11,109,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":51},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-049","某職場對 460 名員工進行糞便潛血篩檢，結果呈現陽性反應的有 80 名，此 80 名員工到醫院進一步檢查確診為大腸直腸癌為 30 名，另對陰性反應者 380 名進行確認，350 名確認為無大腸直腸癌，關於此疾病篩檢何者正確？",49,110,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":16},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-013","有關行為治療的運用，下列何者最適宜？",13,112,{"webId":68,"stem":69,"number":70,"year":66,"session":71},"nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-047","有關日間照顧之敘述，下列何者最適當？",47,3,"2026-09-29",1790672291265]