[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":71},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-072":3},{"subject":4,"prev":5,"next":8,"subjectSlug":11,"subjectFullName":4,"question":12,"related":43,"lastmod":70},"精神科與社區衛生護理學",{"webId":6,"number":7},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-071",71,{"webId":9,"number":10},"nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-073",73,"psychiatric-community",{"id":13,"webId":14,"year":15,"session":16,"subject":4,"number":17,"stem":18,"scenario":19,"carryOver":19,"options":20,"answer":25,"answerNote":19,"images":26,"explanation":27,"explanationDeep":28,"topics":29,"freq":32,"concepts":39},"nurse-108-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-072","nurse-108-1-psychiatric-community-072",108,1,72,"為了提升學童養成口腔衛生之習慣，學校衛生護理師應用 PRECEDE-PROCEED 模式，下列何者屬於增強因素（reinforcing factors）？①牙醫到校檢查學童口腔衛生　②布告欄張貼有口腔衛生海報　③媽媽讚賞學童餐後刷牙的行為　④老師給予餐後潔牙學童好寶寶點數",null,{"A":21,"B":22,"C":23,"D":24},"①②","②③","③④","①④","C",[],"本題考點是 PRECEDE-PROCEED 模式中三類行為影響因素的歸類。依定義，增強因素指行為發生「之後」來自他人或環境的回饋，包括讚美、獎勵、認同或負向後果，會決定行為是否持續，故媽媽讚賞刷牙行為③與老師給予潔牙點數④皆屬增強因素，選 C。①牙醫到校檢查口腔屬提供服務與資源，讓行為得以實現，屬使能因素（enabling factors）。②布告欄張貼海報是傳遞知識、態度與價值，影響改變意願，屬傾向因素（predisposing factors），兩者皆非行為後的回饋，故不選。","PRECEDE-PROCEED 的三因素可用時間軸記憶：傾向因素在行為「之前」，是腦袋裡的東西——知識、態度、信念、價值觀、自覺易感性與嚴重性；使能因素在行為「當下」，是做得到的條件——技能、資源、可近性、設備、費用、法規；增強因素在行為「之後」，是回饋——家人讚美、同儕認同、老師獎勵、身體症狀改善、金錢誘因。判別口訣：「想不想」是傾向、「能不能」是使能、「值不值得繼續」是增強。本題的設計相當典型：海報＝資訊＝傾向；牙醫到校＝資源到位＝使能；讚美與點數＝行為後獎勵＝增強。整個模式的架構也常單獨命題：PRECEDE 是評估與診斷階段（社會評估、流行病學評估、教育與生態評估、行政與政策評估），PROCEED 是執行與評價階段（執行、過程評價、影響評價、結果評價）。可與健康信念模式、階段改變理論並列比較，三者是社區衛生護理學行為理論的核心三巨頭。",[30,33,35,37],{"term":31,"count":32},"PRECEDE-PROCEED 模式",3,{"term":34,"count":16},"增強因素",{"term":36,"count":16},"傾向因素",{"term":38,"count":16},"使能因素",[40],{"id":41,"name":42},"health-behavior-models","健康行為理論與模式",[44,46,51,56,61,66],{"webId":9,"stem":45,"number":10,"year":15,"session":16},"有關學校健康環境的建立與維護之敘述，下列何者正確？",{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":16},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-009","陳護理師與李先生進行支持性心理治療，每次討論到工作挫折時，李先生總是表示不想討論，護理師再次引導李先生表達，病人就表示要停止會談。李先生呈現的是下列何種行為？",9,109,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":50,"session":55},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-023","楊女士 25 歲，半個月以來情緒高昂，不斷參加社交活動，一直找人講話，但話題常跳躍，若別人聽不懂，就生氣罵人，晚上不睡覺，半夜外出，家人擔心安危，故入院治療。下列何者最可能為楊女士的症狀？",23,2,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":55},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-061","有關醫療廢棄物的處理，下列敘述何者正確？",61,110,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":16},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-025","有關強迫性人格障礙症的臨床表現，下列敘述何者最適切？",25,112,{"webId":67,"stem":68,"number":49,"year":69,"session":16},"nurse-113-1-psychiatric-community-009","下列何項描述符合鬱症發作（major depressive episode）的診斷？",113,"2026-09-29",1790672291427]