[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":48},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-061":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":24},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"freq":23},"nurse-108-2-基礎醫學-061","nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-061",108,2,61,"下列何種藥物可使鼻黏膜上小動脈收縮，作為鼻充血腫脹解除劑，用於治療鼻炎？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"H 2 antihistamines","α 1 adrenergic agonists","theophylline","cromolyn","B",null,[],"本題考點為鼻充血解除劑（decongestant）的作用機轉。鼻塞源於鼻黏膜血管擴張、充血腫脹，依交感神經藥理，α1 腎上腺素受體位於血管平滑肌，被活化後引起血管收縮；故 α1 adrenergic agonists（如 phenylephrine、oxymetazoline）能使鼻黏膜小動脈收縮、消腫，選 B。（A）H2 抗組織胺阻斷胃壁細胞 H2 受體以抑制胃酸分泌，與鼻黏膜血管無關。（C）theophylline 屬甲基黃嘌呤，主作用為鬆弛支氣管平滑肌，用於氣喘而非消除鼻充血。（D）cromolyn 為肥大細胞穩定劑，抑制去顆粒化以預防過敏發作，起效慢、非收縮血管，無立即解除鼻塞之效。",1,[25,29,32,36,40,44],{"webId":26,"stem":27,"number":23,"year":28,"session":23},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-001","下列有關表皮的敘述，何者正確？",106,{"webId":30,"stem":31,"number":11,"year":28,"session":23},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-002","下列何者在組織學特徵上可區分為絲球帶（zona glomerulosa）、束狀帶（zona fasciculata）、網狀帶（zona reticularis）？",{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":28,"session":23},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-003","顴弓（zygomatic arch）是由顴骨與下列何者共同組成？",3,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":28,"session":23},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-004","下列何者參與形成踝關節？",4,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":28,"session":23},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-005","下列何者是維持背部直立最重要的肌肉？",5,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":28,"session":23},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-006","行走於前臂的內側，並與上臂深層的靜脈會合成腋靜脈的是那一條血管？",6,1783840757648]