[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":48},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-025":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":23},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"freq":11},"nurse-112-1-基礎醫學-025","nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-025",112,1,25,"一位患有慢性胃食道逆流的病人，在食道下三分之一處發現有區域性柱狀上皮的出現，此現象稱為：",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"增生（hyperplasia）","肥大（hypertrophy）","萎縮（atrophy）","化生（metaplasia）","D",null,[],"本題考點在於慢性刺激下的細胞適應反應「化生（metaplasia）」。依定義，化生是一種已分化成熟的細胞型態轉變為另一種成熟細胞型態，以適應長期不良環境。慢性胃食道逆流使食道下段的複層鱗狀上皮長期暴露於胃酸，轉變為較耐酸的柱狀上皮（即巴瑞特食道 Barrett's esophagus），正是化生，選 D。考點在於區分其他適應：A 增生是細胞「數目」增加；B 肥大是細胞「體積」增大；C 萎縮是細胞體積或數目減少導致組織縮小。三者皆非型態轉換，唯有柱狀取代鱗狀屬型態改變，故為化生。",[24,28,32,36,40,44],{"webId":25,"stem":26,"number":11,"year":27,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-001","下列有關表皮的敘述，何者正確？",106,{"webId":29,"stem":30,"number":31,"year":27,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-002","下列何者在組織學特徵上可區分為絲球帶（zona glomerulosa）、束狀帶（zona fasciculata）、網狀帶（zona reticularis）？",2,{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":27,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-003","顴弓（zygomatic arch）是由顴骨與下列何者共同組成？",3,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":27,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-004","下列何者參與形成踝關節？",4,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":27,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-005","下列何者是維持背部直立最重要的肌肉？",5,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":27,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-006","行走於前臂的內側，並與上臂深層的靜脈會合成腋靜脈的是那一條血管？",6,1783840769569]