[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":48},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-044":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":24},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"freq":23},"nurse-112-2-基礎醫學-044","nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-044",112,2,44,"下列何種原因會造成器官移植的超急性排斥（hyperacute rejection）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"HLA 配對不合","ABO 血型不合","次要組織相容性抗原（minor histocompatibility antigens）不相容","同種異體辨識間接路徑（the indirect pathway of allorecognition）受到活化","B",null,[],"本題考點是超急性排斥的免疫機轉。依移植免疫學,超急性排斥發生在血管接通後數分鐘至數小時,由受贈者體內「預先存在」的抗體結合到移植器官血管內皮抗原,活化補體造成血栓與缺血壞死。ABO 血型抗體屬於天然存在的 IgM,故 ABO 血型不合會立即引發此型排斥,選 B。A 的 HLA 配對不合主要造成需經 T 細胞致敏的急性\u002F慢性排斥,並非數小時內反應;C 的次要組織相容性抗原差異引起較緩慢的排斥;D 的間接路徑同種異體辨識也需時間讓 T 細胞活化,屬急性排斥範疇。三者皆非「預存抗體即時反應」,故非超急性。",1,[25,29,32,36,40,44],{"webId":26,"stem":27,"number":23,"year":28,"session":23},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-001","下列有關表皮的敘述，何者正確？",106,{"webId":30,"stem":31,"number":11,"year":28,"session":23},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-002","下列何者在組織學特徵上可區分為絲球帶（zona glomerulosa）、束狀帶（zona fasciculata）、網狀帶（zona reticularis）？",{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":28,"session":23},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-003","顴弓（zygomatic arch）是由顴骨與下列何者共同組成？",3,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":28,"session":23},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-004","下列何者參與形成踝關節？",4,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":28,"session":23},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-005","下列何者是維持背部直立最重要的肌肉？",5,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":28,"session":23},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-006","行走於前臂的內側，並與上臂深層的靜脈會合成腋靜脈的是那一條血管？",6,1783840770165]