[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-004":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-1-基礎醫學-004","nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-004",115,1,4,"心室細胞在生理狀態下之靜止膜電位約為多少？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"+90 毫伏特","-40 毫伏特","-90 毫伏特","+40 毫伏特","C",null,[],"本題考點在於心肌靜止膜電位的數值及其形成基礎。依 Nernst 與 Goldman 方程,靜止時細胞膜對鉀離子的通透性最高,膜電位趨近鉀平衡電位,心室肌細胞因此約為負 90 毫伏特(教科書多記負 85 至負 90),故選 C。A 與 D 為正值,只出現在動作電位去極化的高峰,不屬於靜止狀態。B 負 40 毫伏特過於去極化,已接近節律細胞的閾值區間;心室肌若停在此電位,電壓閘控鈉通道會處於失活狀態而無法正常興奮,亦不符合生理靜止值。","數字要一組一組記:骨骼肌與心室肌約負 90、一般神經元約負 70、平滑肌約負 50 至負 60、竇房結節律細胞最大舒張電位約負 55 至負 60。心室肌之所以特別負,是因為具備豐富的內向整流鉀通道(IK1),靜止時維持高鉀通透性把膜電位牢牢釘在鉀平衡電位附近;節律細胞缺乏 IK1 且有 If 起搏電流,才會自動去極化。臨床連結:高血鉀使鉀平衡電位變正、靜止膜電位上移(去極化),鈉通道失活而心肌興奮性先增後降,心電圖出現高聳 T 波與 QRS 增寬。延伸概念:心室肌動作電位五個相、平原期的鈣內流、絕對不反應期防止心律不整。",[25,28,31,33,35],{"term":26,"count":27},"靜止膜電位",3,{"term":29,"count":30},"鉀平衡電位",2,{"term":32,"count":11},"Nernst 方程",{"term":34,"count":11},"心室肌動作電位",{"term":36,"count":11},"鈉通道失活",[38,42,46,50,55,60],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-005","下列氣體與血紅素的親合力，何者最高？",5,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":11,"year":45,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-001","下列有關表皮的敘述，何者正確？",106,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":45,"session":30},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-015","負責調節眼球晶狀體曲度的神經是：",15,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":30},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-053","下列何種抗精神病藥物最容易導致心電圖 QT 波延長？",53,107,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-017","人類絨毛性腺促素（hCG）與下列何者之生理作用及化學組成相似？",17,109,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-051","阿司匹靈（Aspirin）與下列何種藥物併用會增加血中濃度，而使危險性提高？",51,110,"2026-08-06",1787299087490]