[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-006":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-1-基礎醫學-006","nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-006",115,1,6,"神經細胞於靜止膜電位階段，細胞膜對鈉離子與鉀離子的通透性為何？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"對鈉離子的通透性遠大於鉀離子","對鉀離子的通透性遠大於鈉離子","對鈉離子與鉀離子通透性相等","對鈉離子與鉀離子皆不可通透","B",null,[],"本題考點在於靜止膜電位期鈉與鉀通透性的相對大小。依靜止時漏流通道的分布,鉀漏流通道數量遠多於鈉漏流通道,細胞膜對鉀離子的通透性約為鈉離子的數十倍,鉀持續外流主導膜電位而使其接近鉀平衡電位並呈負值,故選 B。A 敘述方向相反,鈉通透性遠大於鉀只出現在動作電位去極化期,電壓閘控鈉通道大量開啟之時。C 若兩者相等,膜電位會落在兩者平衡電位之間而無法維持負 70 毫伏特左右的負值。D 完全不通透則無法解釋漏流電流與鈉鉀幫浦持續運作的存在。","量化理解可套 Goldman 方程:膜電位由各離子通透性加權平均決定,權重大的離子把電位往自己的平衡電位拉。靜止時鉀權重壓倒性大,故膜電位貼近鉀平衡電位(約負 90);去極化時鈉權重瞬間放大數百倍,膜電位急速朝鈉平衡電位(約正 60)衝去。靜止膜電位略比鉀平衡電位正一些,原因就是仍有少量鈉漏進來。鈉鉀幫浦的角色是長期維持梯度並貢獻約負 4 毫伏特的電位(3 出 2 進的電性不平衡),但瞬時膜電位主要由通透性決定,而非幫浦直接產生——這是常被混淆的重點。延伸可連結動作電位各期通透性變化、去極化與再極化的離子基礎。",[25,28,31,33,35],{"term":26,"count":27},"鈉鉀幫浦",4,{"term":29,"count":30},"靜止膜電位",3,{"term":32,"count":11},"鉀漏流通道",{"term":34,"count":11},"Goldman 方程",{"term":36,"count":11},"膜通透性",[38,42,46,51,56,61],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-007","副甲狀腺素（PTH）作用在腎小管時會產生下列何種反應？",7,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":30,"year":45,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-003","顴弓（zygomatic arch）是由顴骨與下列何者共同組成？",106,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":45,"session":50},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-017","鈉鉀幫浦（sodium-potassium pump）運送鈉鉀離子的作用方式屬於下列何者？",17,2,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":50},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-055","血管緊縮素轉換抑制劑（ACE inhibitor），除可降血壓外亦可用於鬱血性心臟衰竭（CHF），下列敘述何者錯誤？",55,107,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-019","蛋白質醣基化（glycosylation）主要發生在那個步驟？",19,109,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-053","有關可待因（codeine）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",53,110,"2026-08-06",1787299087508]