[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-012":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-1-基礎醫學-012","nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-012",115,1,12,"下列何者不具上皮組織？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"肌腱","子宮腺","小腸絨毛","血管內皮","A",null,[],"本題考點在於上皮組織的定義與分布辨識。依組織學,上皮組織是覆蓋體表、內襯管腔或構成腺體的細胞層,細胞排列緊密、具基底膜且缺乏血管。肌腱由緻密規則結締組織與纖維母細胞構成,呈平行束狀以傳遞肌肉張力到骨頭,不含上皮成分,故選 A。B 子宮腺由子宮內膜上皮向下凹陷形成,屬腺體上皮。C 小腸絨毛表面覆有單層柱狀上皮並具微絨毛,是典型吸收性上皮。D 血管內皮為單層扁平上皮,襯在血管腔面並參與物質交換與抗凝。","四大基本組織——上皮、結締、肌肉、神經,分類時先問三個問題:有沒有基底膜、細胞間質多不多、有沒有血管。上皮有基底膜、間質極少、無血管(靠下方結締組織擴散供養),這也解釋上皮再生快而肌腱癒合慢。命名邏輯值得一併記:依細胞層數分單層與複層,依形狀分扁平、立方、柱狀,再加特化型如偽複層柱狀纖毛(呼吸道)與變形上皮(膀胱)。腺體一律由上皮衍生,再依有無導管分外分泌與內分泌。臨床連結:癌與腺癌源於上皮,肉瘤源於結締組織與肌肉,這組對應是病理學題目的基本盤。延伸概念:基底膜的第四型膠原蛋白、上皮細胞間的緊密連結。",[25,28,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"單層柱狀上皮",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"上皮組織定義",{"term":31,"count":11},"緻密規則結締組織",{"term":33,"count":11},"腺體上皮",{"term":18,"count":11},[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-013","下列有關股四頭肌（quadriceps femoris）的敘述，何者錯誤？",13,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-009","下列何者位於環狀軟骨上方，能調節聲帶之緊張度？",9,106,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":27},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-023","因自體免疫而破壞所有腎上腺皮質組織時，下列何者生合成受影響？",23,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":27},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-061","關於催產激素 oxytocin 的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",61,107,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-025","在心肌動作電位中，高原期的維持是因心肌細胞有：",25,109,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-059","Nitroglycerin（NTG）經由舌下或經皮膚（貼劑）給藥的目的為何？",59,110,"2026-08-06",1787299087576]