[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-015":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-115-1-基礎醫學-015","nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-015",115,1,15,"下列何者是供應下肢養分的最主要血管？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"髂外動脈","髂內動脈","旋髂淺動脈","旋髂深動脈","A",null,[],"本題考點在下肢動脈主幹的解剖路徑。依血管解剖,腹主動脈在第四腰椎附近分為左右髂總動脈,髂總動脈再分成髂內與髂外動脈;髂外動脈於腹股溝韌帶下方通過後即改名為股動脈,是整條下肢血流的主要來源,故選 A。髂內動脈主要供應骨盆腔臟器、臀部肌群與生殖器,並非下肢養分的主幹。旋髂淺動脈是股動脈近端發出的細小分支,只供應腹股溝區皮膚與淺層組織;旋髂深動脈由髂外動脈發出後沿髂骨內緣走行,供應腹壁與髂骨鄰近肌肉,兩者管徑細、供應範圍侷限,都不足以承擔下肢灌流。","把主幹順序串起來記:腹主動脈→髂總動脈→髂外動脈→(過腹股溝韌帶)股動脈→穿內收肌腱裂孔(adductor hiatus)後於膝後方成為膕動脈(popliteal artery,又稱膝膕動脈)→再分為前脛動脈與後脛動脈,後脛動脈另發出腓動脈;前脛動脈延續為足背動脈。名稱與位置對得上,分支關係才不會錯:膕動脈位在膝關節後方的膕窩內,不在膝下。臨床評估下肢灌流時的脈搏觸診順序正好沿此路徑:股動脈、膕動脈、後脛動脈、足背動脈,由近端往遠端逐段比較可推測阻塞位置。可延伸複習:周邊動脈疾病的間歇性跛行與 6P 徵象、股動脈為心導管常用入路的解剖理由、髂內動脈供應範圍與骨盆手術出血。",[25,26,28,30,32],{"term":15,"count":11},{"term":27,"count":11},"股動脈",{"term":29,"count":11},"膕動脈",{"term":31,"count":11},"下肢動脈分支",{"term":33,"count":11},"髂內動脈供應範圍",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-016","就多數情況而言，下列有關右肺肋面（costal surface）裂隙的敘述，何者錯誤？",16,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-012","舌頭表面的那一種乳頭分布廣泛，且具有味蕾？",12,106,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":48},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-026","迷走神經末梢分泌之乙醯膽鹼（acetylcholine）可以使心跳速率減慢，其原因為促使心臟節律性細胞（pacemaker cell）：",26,2,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":48},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-064","下列何種免疫製劑，可以阻斷病毒複製及增強宿主免疫力，在臨床上用於治療 B 型肝炎？",64,107,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-028","下列何者是血液中運送二氧化碳的最主要方式？",28,109,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-062","下列何種藥物可用於治療肢端肥大症（acromegaly）？",62,110,"2026-08-06",1787299087599]