[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-020":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-1-基礎醫學-020","nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-020",115,1,20,"下列那兩種神經膠細胞（glia cells）會形成髓鞘（myelin sheath）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"星狀膠細胞（astrocyte）與微小膠細胞（microglia）","星狀膠細胞（astrocyte）與寡突膠細胞（oligodendrocyte）","寡突膠細胞（oligodendrocyte）與許旺氏細胞（Schwann cell）","許旺氏細胞（Schwann cell）與衛星細胞（satellite cell）","C",null,[],"本題考點在於神經膠細胞的分工與髓鞘的來源。依神經組織學,中樞神經系統的髓鞘由寡突膠細胞形成,一個寡突膠細胞可伸出多個突起同時包覆數條軸突;周邊神經系統的髓鞘由許旺氏細胞形成,一個細胞包覆一段軸突,故選 C。A 星狀膠細胞維持離子與神經傳遞物質恆定並參與血腦障壁,微小膠細胞扮演中樞的巨噬細胞角色,兩者皆不製造髓鞘。B 同樣因星狀膠細胞不形成髓鞘而不成立。D 衛星細胞包圍神經節內的神經細胞體,提供支持與代謝環境,亦不形成髓鞘。","中樞四種膠細胞:星狀膠(支持、血腦障壁、回收神經傳遞物質)、寡突膠(髓鞘)、微小膠(免疫與清除)、皮膜細胞(襯腦室、生成腦脊髓液);周邊兩種:許旺氏細胞(髓鞘)、衛星細胞(包覆節內細胞體)。一對一與一對多的差別直接對應臨床:許旺氏細胞會分泌神經生長因子並形成再生通道,故周邊神經受損有機會再生;中樞的寡突膠細胞不但不助長軸突再生,還與抑制性瘢痕環境並存,故中樞損傷多不可逆。髓鞘的功能是提高電阻、降低電容,讓動作電位在節間跳躍傳導以加速。延伸可連結多發性硬化症(中樞去髓鞘)與 Guillain-Barre 症候群(周邊去髓鞘)的對比。",[25,28,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"寡突膠細胞",2,{"term":29,"count":27},"衛星細胞",{"term":31,"count":11},"許旺氏細胞",{"term":33,"count":11},"髓鞘與跳躍傳導",{"term":35,"count":11},"星狀膠細胞",[37,41,46,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-021","有關血管受傷後的止血作用之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",21,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-017","在肌肉收縮與舒張過程（muscle contraction\u002Frelaxation cycle）中，ATP 結合於下列那一分子？",17,106,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":45,"session":27},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-031","在紅血球中，下列何者是催化二氧化碳與水結合形成碳酸最重要的酵素？",31,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":27},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-069","IgE 抗體會與其高親和力受體 FcεRI 相結合來誘發過敏反應，而 FcεRI 受體不表現在下列何種細胞表面？",69,107,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-033","肺動脈栓塞導致死亡，是屬於那類的休克？",33,109,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-067","藍氏（Lancefield）血清學分類法，主要是依溶血性鏈球菌之何種構造的抗原不同加以分類？",67,110,"2026-08-06",1787299087667]