[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-031":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-1-基礎醫學-031","nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-031",115,1,31,"下列何者可治療腹瀉及具有腸道抗菌效果，並可預防旅行腹瀉（traveler’s diarrhea）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"sucralfate","bismuth subsalicylate","cimetidine","cholestyramine","B",null,[],"本題考點是腸胃道藥物的分類與適應症。次水楊酸鉍屬於抗分泌兼具抗菌作用的制瀉藥，鉍離子能抑制腸道細菌與毒素、水楊酸部分則減少腸道分泌，因此可治療腹瀉，也是旅行者腹瀉的預防與自療用藥，並用於幽門螺旋菌四合一療法，故選 B。A 的硫醣鋁是在酸性環境形成保護膜的黏膜保護劑，用於潰瘍。C 的希每得定為第二型組織胺受體阻斷劑，作用是抑制胃酸分泌。D 的膽酸結合樹脂主要降血脂、也用於膽酸性腹瀉，但沒有抗菌效果。","旅行者腹瀉多由產毒性大腸桿菌引起，考點常繞著三個藥打轉：次水楊酸鉍可預防兼治療；洛哌丁胺是周邊型鴉片受體致效劑，只止瀉不抗菌；抗生素則用於症狀較重者。次水楊酸鉍另有兩個常考副作用，一是舌頭與糞便變黑，來自鉍與硫化物結合成硫化鉍，屬良性可逆現象；二是含水楊酸成分，兒童病毒感染期使用有雷氏症候群顧慮，也需注意與其他水楊酸類的加成。硫醣鋁的另一考點是需在空腹、酸性環境才活化，因此與制酸劑或氫離子幫浦抑制劑併用會互相削弱。可連結概念：幽門螺旋菌四合一療法、洛哌丁胺、雷氏症候群。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"旅行者腹瀉",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"次水楊酸鉍",{"term":31,"count":11},"黏膜保護劑硫醣鋁",{"term":33,"count":11},"第二型組織胺受體阻斷劑",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-032","下列抗生素之敘述，何者最不適當？",32,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-028","若腎小管無法將氫離子有效排除時，在代償作用發生之前最可能發生下列何種現象？",28,106,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-042","何謂波雷特氏食道（Barrett esophagus）？",42,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-080","有關有鉤絛蟲（Taenia solium）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",80,107,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-044","下列口腔黏膜病灶中，轉變成惡性腫瘤機會最高的是：",44,109,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-078","下列何種特性不是白色念珠菌（Candida albicans）之主要致病因子？",78,110,"2026-08-06",1787299087782]