[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-049":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-1-基礎醫學-049","nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-049",115,1,49,"口腔內最常見的真菌感染是由下列何種菌屬引起？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"念珠菌（Candida）","隱球菌（Cryptococcus）","粗球黴菌（Coccidioides）","孢子絲菌（Sporothrix）","A",null,[],"本題考點是口腔黏膜真菌感染的常見致病菌屬。念珠菌屬本就是口腔與腸道的正常菌群一員，當局部或全身防禦下降時便過度增生形成偽膜，這也是口腔念珠菌症俗稱鵝口瘡的由來，是口腔內最常見的真菌感染，故選 A。B 的隱球菌以吸入含菌鳥糞塵埃感染肺部，並好發中樞神經系統腦膜炎。C 的粗球黴菌屬地域性流行的雙型性真菌，主要造成肺部感染。D 的孢子絲菌經植物刺傷侵入皮膚，沿淋巴管形成串珠狀病灶。","把口腔念珠菌症的危險因子按機轉分類，就能對應到護理評估重點：局部因素包括假牙、吸入型類固醇後未漱口、口乾與黏膜損傷；全身因素包括新生兒與高齡、廣效抗生素破壞菌相、糖尿病血糖控制不良、化學治療與愛滋病等免疫低下狀態，成人若無明顯原因而反覆發作，需考慮潛在免疫缺損。鑑別上，念珠菌的白色斑塊可以刮除且刮除後黏膜發紅易滲血，而口腔白斑無法刮除、屬癌前病變，這是常考的一線之隔。實驗診斷可見芽生酵母與偽菌絲，氫氧化鉀抹片即可初判。治療分局部與全身抗真菌藥兩層，並須同時處理誘因。可連結概念：正常菌群失衡、機會性感染、偽菌絲、口腔白斑鑑別。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"隱球菌腦膜炎",3,{"term":29,"count":11},"念珠菌口腔感染",{"term":31,"count":11},"機會性感染與菌相失衡",{"term":33,"count":11},"孢子絲菌淋巴型病灶",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-050","下列何種症狀最常見於鉤蟲（hookworms）成蟲感染？",50,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-046","下列何者較不屬於子宮內膜癌的高危險因子？",46,106,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":48},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-060","有關 paclitaxel 的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",60,2,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-018","下列何者是肌細胞在初期收縮時的主要能量來源？",18,108,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-062","下列何者是屬於具有抗發炎作用的氣喘用藥？",62,109,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":48},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-016","股神經（femoral nerve）受損，最可能發生下列何種情形？",16,110,"2026-08-06",1787299087963]