[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-050":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-1-基礎醫學-050","nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-050",115,1,50,"下列何種症狀最常見於鉤蟲（hookworms）成蟲感染？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"肝硬化","肺炎","貧血","腎衰竭","C",null,[],"本題考點是鉤蟲成蟲的寄生位置與其造成的主要健康問題。鉤蟲成蟲以口部的鉤齒或切板咬附在小腸黏膜上持續吸血，並分泌抗凝物質使咬附處滲血不止，長期慢性失血導致鐵質耗竭，因此最常見的表現是缺鐵性貧血，選 C。A 的肝硬化與血吸蟲卵沉積於肝門脈系統的纖維化有關。B 的肺炎屬幼蟲經肺移行期可能引起的暫時性症狀，非成蟲期主要表現。D 的腎衰竭與鉤蟲感染並無典型因果關係。","從生活史推症狀是寄生蟲題的通則：鉤蟲絲狀幼蟲穿皮而入造成局部癢疹，隨血流經肺、上呼吸道被吞入而抵達小腸成熟，因此皮膚期、肺移行期與腸道期各有對應表現，而長期後果落在腸道期的慢性吸血。血液檢查會見微小低色素紅血球、血清鐵與鐵蛋白下降、總鐵結合容量上升，並常伴周邊血液嗜酸性白血球增多與低白蛋白；孩童長期感染可影響生長與認知發展。診斷靠糞便找蟲卵，須與同屬土壤傳播的蛔蟲與鞭蟲對照，後者以腸道阻塞與直腸脫垂等表現為主。防治關鍵在避免赤足接觸受污染土壤與環境衛生改善。可連結概念：土壤傳播蠕蟲、幼蟲肺移行、缺鐵性貧血鐵質四項、嗜酸性白血球增多。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"缺鐵性貧血",3,{"term":29,"count":11},"鉤蟲成蟲小腸吸血",{"term":31,"count":11},"幼蟲肺移行期",{"term":33,"count":11},"土壤傳播蠕蟲生活史",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":11,"year":10,"session":38},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-001","下列激素何者是藉由下丘腦-垂體徑（hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract）來運送？",2,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-047","下列何者的臨床症狀因醛固酮過多而造成低血鉀症？",47,106,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":38},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-061","下列何者為治療甲狀腺風暴（thyroid storm）之首選藥物？",61,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-019","小動脈的阻力與下列何者之 4 次方呈反比？",19,108,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-063","長期使用 corticosteroid 的常見副作用中，下列何者錯誤？",63,109,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":38},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-017","有關骨骼肌與心肌收縮的比較，下列敘述何者正確？",17,110,"2026-08-06",1787299087993]