[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-fundamental-nursing-039":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"基本護理學與護理行政","fundamental-nursing","基本護理學(包括護理原理、護理技術)與護理行政",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-1-基本護理學與護理行政-039","nurse-115-1-fundamental-nursing-039",115,1,39,"決策者預測不利後果情況下，從眾多方案中選擇危害最小的方案，此種決策策略是屬於下列何者？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"滿意性策略","最少缺憾性策略","最小極限性策略","樂觀性策略","C",null,[],"本題考點是決策策略的名詞辨識。依決策理論，最小極限性策略（minimax）是在預期結果都不利的情境下，先評估各方案可能產生的最大損害，再從中挑選損害最小者，也就是保守型的避險決策，與題幹所述「預測不利後果、選擇危害最小方案」完全吻合，故選 C。A 錯在滿意性策略是在有限時間與資訊下，找到第一個達到可接受標準的方案就停止搜尋，重點是夠好而非損害最小。B 錯在最少缺憾性策略著眼於事後懊悔程度，選擇未來最不會後悔的方案，衡量的是機會損失而非直接危害。D 錯在樂觀性策略是以各方案最佳結果互相比較後取最大收益，屬於冒險取向，與情勢不利的前提相反。","四種策略可用「風險胃納」排序：樂觀性（maximax，賭最好）在最右端，最小極限性（minimax，防最壞）在最左端，滿意性與最少缺憾性居中。護理管理實務上，涉及病人安全的決策多採最小極限性策略，寧可犧牲效率也要把傷害壓到最低，例如可疑藥物過敏時停用而非續用觀察；資源分配與行政排程則常用滿意性策略以節省決策成本。可延伸連結決策的理性模式與有限理性（Simon 提出滿意決策概念）、決策樹與期望值分析，以及群體決策的德爾菲法與名義團體技術。",[25,28,30,31,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"有限理性",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"決策策略",{"term":17,"count":11},{"term":15,"count":11},{"term":16,"count":11},[34,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-1-fundamental-nursing-040","護理管理專家Gillies提到管理五大步驟，其中規劃包括那些內容？①設定評估內容   ②做好工作設計     ③制定標準     ④擬定政策   ⑤作成決策   ⑥編列預算",40,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-fundamental-nursing-036","為導尿管留置病人進行尿液培養之敘述，下列何者正確？",36,106,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":27},"nurse-106-2-fundamental-nursing-050","承上題，改善陳女士的睡眠照護計畫，下列何者正確？①建議睡前 2～4 小時少喝水 ②晚上多運動 ③請醫師調整多重用藥 ④白天多次小睡以彌補不足的睡眠 ⑤調整夜間睡眠光線為昏暗 ⑥建議長期使用安眠藥",50,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-fundamental-nursing-008","對於傷口培養有抗二甲氧基苯青黴素性之金黃色葡萄球菌（Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, MRSA）之病人，其隔離措施之敘述，下列何者正確？",8,108,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-fundamental-nursing-052","陳先生接受冠狀動脈繞道手術後，醫囑為 Pethidine（Demerol）50 mg IM st.，下列敘述何者正確？",52,109,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":27},"nurse-110-2-fundamental-nursing-006","游奶奶接受雙側膝關節置換術，術後第一天使用自控式嗎啡疼痛控制器止痛，白班護生王同學照顧游奶奶，9:40 am 尚未備口服藥物，實習指導老師詢問下，王同學表示：「奶奶還在睡覺，剛剛測量的生命徵象 BP 為 122∕64 mmHg、TPR：36.4°C、64 次／分、8 次／分，我想奶奶昨天開刀應該讓她休息一下，我不忍心叫她起床吃藥」，針對上述情境，下列處置何者最適當？",6,110,"2026-08-06",1787299088388]