[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-maternal-pediatric-014":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"產兒科護理學","maternal-pediatric",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-115-1-產兒科護理學-014","nurse-115-1-maternal-pediatric-014",115,1,14,"吳女士，G2P1AA1，因胎位不正施行剖腹產，採硬膜外麻醉（epidural anesthesis），剛從恢復室返回病房，其先生表示：「我太太何時可以開始吃東西？」下列護理指導何者最適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"必須等排氣後才可喝溫水，若沒有噁心或嘔吐就可進食","現在就可開始喝溫水，若沒有噁心或嘔吐就可進食","先禁食 6 小時後，聽到腸蠕動聲再開始喝溫水，若沒噁心或嘔吐就可進食","等肚子餓了再開始喝溫水，若沒有噁心或嘔吐就可進食","B",null,[],"本題考點是剖腹產採區域麻醉者的術後進食時機。依硬膜外麻醉的作用範圍,它阻斷的是特定脊髓節段的感覺與運動神經傳導,產婦意識清醒、咽喉反射與吞嚥功能完整,對腸蠕動的抑制也相當輕微;依術後加速康復(ERAS)照護原則,回病房後只要清醒且無噁心嘔吐,即可先給溫水再漸進至流質與軟質飲食,故 B 最適當。A 錯在把「等排氣」當成必要條件,那是舊時全身麻醉腹部手術的常規。C 錯在例行禁食 6 小時並等待腸蠕動音缺乏實證支持,延遲進食反而延長腸道功能恢復與住院天數。D 錯在以飢餓感決定進食並無客觀依據,產婦常因疼痛與疲累而無食慾。","剖腹產 ERAS 的核心是「早」:早進食、早下床、早移除導尿管、早開始哺乳,加上多模式止痛減少嗎啡類用量,共同縮短腸麻痺與臥床相關併發症。從機轉看,術後腸麻痺主要來自腹腔操作引發的交感神經反射與嗎啡類藥物,而非麻醉方式本身;早期進食提供的腸道內營養反而刺激蠕動,是促進而非妨礙恢復。硬膜外麻醉的照護重點另有三項須辨識:阻斷交感神經造成的低血壓、膀胱感覺遲鈍導致的尿滯留與膀胱膨脹(可能影響子宮收縮),以及硬脊膜若被穿破後出現的姿勢性頭痛(坐起加劇、平躺緩解)。麻醉尚未完全消退前下肢感覺與肌力未恢復,首次下床需協助並先評估肌力,以防跌倒。可延伸複習:剖腹產後子宮收縮與傷口評估、哺乳姿勢選擇(橄欖球式可避免壓迫傷口)。",[24,27,30,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"硬膜外麻醉",7,{"term":28,"count":29},"術後腸麻痺",2,{"term":31,"count":10},"術後加速康復照護",{"term":33,"count":10},"早期進食",{"term":35,"count":10},"尿滯留",[37,41,46,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-maternal-pediatric-015","依據學者 Rubin 對產後婦女行為表現的觀察，下列何者屬於接受期（taking–in）的行為特色？",15,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-maternal-pediatric-011","一位產婦入院待產，子宮頸口開 6 公分，因產痛難耐而要求醫護人員提供針灸止痛的措施時，下列有關護理師的反應何者較為合適？",11,106,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":45,"session":29},"nurse-106-2-maternal-pediatric-025","王女士為第二胎，採陰道生產，新生兒體重 3980 公克，抱怨子宮收縮痛，護理師評估子宮收縮呈堅硬狀態。有關產後痛的說明，下列何者錯誤？",25,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":29},"nurse-107-2-maternal-pediatric-063","有關罹患先天性梅毒的嬰兒皮膚丘疹及脫屑的護理措施，下列何者不適當？",63,107,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-maternal-pediatric-027","糖尿病孕婦所產下體重過重的嬰兒（出生體重在 4,000 公克以上）容易在出生後發生低血糖的狀況，主要原因可能是：",27,109,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-061","小傑，8 個月，罹患支氣管肺炎（Bronchopneumonia），需住院治療，下列護理措施何者不適當？",61,110,"2026-08-06",1787299089283]