[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-015":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-115-1-內外科護理學-015","nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-015",115,1,15,"有關病人使用青光眼用藥Timolol的護理指導，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"是一種縮瞳劑","可減少眼球內房水量","氣喘病人禁止使用","給藥前需評估是否有心搏徐緩","A",null,[],"本題考點是青光眼用藥的藥理分類。依 Timolol 的作用機轉,它屬非選擇性 β 受體阻斷劑,阻斷睫狀體上皮的 β 受體以減少房水生成,進而降低眼內壓,對瞳孔大小與睫狀肌並無收縮作用,因此把它說成縮瞳劑是錯誤的,選 A;真正的縮瞳劑是 pilocarpine 等膽鹼性藥物,靠收縮睫狀肌拉開小樑網來增加房水排出。B 正確:減少房水量正是其降壓途徑。C 正確:非選擇性阻斷會作用於支氣管 β₂ 受體造成支氣管收縮,氣喘者禁用。D 正確:全身吸收可抑制心臟 β₁ 受體,給藥前須評估有無心搏徐緩。","青光眼用藥可依「減少生成」與「促進排出」兩路分類:減少生成有 β 阻斷劑(timolol)、碳酸酐酶抑制劑(acetazolamide)、α₂ 促效劑;促進排出有膽鹼性縮瞳劑(pilocarpine)與prostaglandin 類似物(latanoprost)。眼藥水仍可經鼻黏膜與鼻淚管吸收進入全身循環,故點藥後壓迫內眼角淚囊區並閉眼數分鐘,可同時提高眼部濃度與降低全身副作用,這是心肺疾病者的重要考點。急性隅角閉鎖型青光眼禁用抗膽鹼與散瞳藥物,因散瞳會使隅角更閉塞。延伸複習:眼內壓正常值、視野缺損由周邊往中心進展的病程。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"β 受體阻斷劑",2,{"term":28,"count":26},"房水生成與排出",{"term":30,"count":10},"縮瞳劑 pilocarpine",{"term":32,"count":10},"眼藥水全身吸收",[34,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-016","有關心包膜炎照護之敘述，下列何者不適宜？",16,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-012","有關肝硬化造成腹水的機轉，下列何者錯誤？",12,106,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":26},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-026","懷疑病人罹患心內膜炎時，護理師最需要收集的資料，下列何者正確？",26,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":26},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-064","有關預防膀胱癌之護理指導，下列何者不適當？",64,107,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-028","下列何項檢查無法評估心輸出量？",28,109,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-062","有關尿液檢查目的之敘述，下列何者正確？",62,110,"2026-08-06",1787299088685]