[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-025":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-115-1-內外科護理學-025","nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-025",115,1,25,"有關病人接受靜脈輸注化學藥物時，若不慎藥物外滲之護理措施，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"停止輸注並立即拔除針頭","應予以放低注射部位","以彈繃加壓注射部位","注射解毒劑於滲漏部位四周","D",null,[],"本題考點是化學治療藥物外滲的緊急處置順序。依外滲傷害的病生理,起泡性藥物滲入皮下會造成組織壞死,處置目標是移除殘餘藥物並就地中和,故先停止輸注、暫時保留針頭回抽殘留藥液,再依藥物種類把特定解毒劑注射於滲漏部位四周使藥物被中和或稀釋,選 D。A 錯:立即拔針會失去回抽殘餘藥液與經原針給解毒劑的機會。B 錯:放低患肢使靜脈壓與局部滯留增加,抬高才有利回流與減輕腫脹。C 錯:彈繃加壓會把藥物向周圍組織推散,擴大受損範圍。","起泡性藥物如 vincristine、doxorubicin、mitomycin 是外滲高風險族群,冷熱敷的選擇依藥物而異——多數蒽環類用冷敷限制擴散,植物鹼類則用溫敷促進分散,不可一律套用,這是常見陷阱。預防重點包括選擇粗直血管並避開手背與關節處、給藥前確認回血與通暢、優先使用中心靜脈導管或人工血管給藥、給藥期間定時觀察注射部位與詢問有無灼熱刺痛。外滲的早期線索是滴速變慢、回血消失、局部腫脹發紅與疼痛。事後須記錄外滲時間、藥物、估計外滲量、處置與外觀變化並持續追蹤。延伸複習:骨髓抑制與嗜中性白血球最低點的照護。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"化學藥物外滲",{"term":27,"count":10},"起泡性藥物組織壞死",{"term":29,"count":10},"解毒劑局部注射",{"term":31,"count":10},"外滲預防與監測",[33,37,42,47,52,57],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-026","有關成年惡性淋巴瘤病人接受骨髓穿刺抽吸術檢查之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",26,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":41,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-022","有關急性中耳炎感染途徑之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",22,106,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":41,"session":46},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-036","有關癌症病人臨床實驗室檢查結果之敘述，下列何者正確？",36,2,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":46},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-074","有關長期服用 prednisolone 的護理指導，下列何者錯誤？",74,107,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-038","有關食道靜脈曲張藥物治療之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",38,109,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-072","有關糖尿病性酮酸中毒（DKA）治療之敘述，下列何者正確？",72,110,"2026-08-06",1787299088798]