[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-041":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-115-1-內外科護理學-041","nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-041",115,1,41,"趙小姐，45歲，無特殊疾病，近來健檢時發現有輸尿管結石約1.8公分，醫師建議行輸尿管鏡碎石術，下列敘述何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"沒有傷口但術後要放置導尿管 24～72小時","此為門診手術，但必須接受全身麻醉","若無特殊限制，術後鼓勵多喝水以利碎石排出","術後有嚴重發燒或是嚴重血尿的病人應速回診","B",null,[],"本題考點是輸尿管鏡碎石術的術式特性與術後指導。此術經自然尿道進入輸尿管以雷射或氣壓碎石，屬需麻醉的住院手術，麻醉方式可依結石位置與病人狀況採全身麻醉或脊髓半身麻醉，並非「屬門診手術但必須接受全身麻醉」，故B為錯誤敘述。A正確，經自然通道操作故體表無傷口，術後常留置導尿管或雙J導管數日以引流尿液、減少水腫造成的阻塞。C正確，若無心腎功能限制，增加水分可沖刷殘存碎石與碎屑。D正確，術後嚴重發燒提示感染、嚴重血尿提示黏膜損傷或持續出血，都屬須儘速回診評估的警訊。","泌尿道結石的處置選擇主要看大小與位置：小於零點五公分多可自行排出，以水分與止痛保守處理；中小型結石可用體外震波碎石術，屬非侵入且常可門診進行；本題一點八公分的輸尿管結石偏大，體外震波效果有限，故採輸尿管鏡直接碎石，較大的腎結石則走經皮腎臟碎石術。三者的對比記憶重點是「體外震波＝完全不進入身體、可門診；輸尿管鏡＝走自然孔道、無體表傷口但需麻醉住院；經皮腎臟碎石＝背部有傷口、侵入性最高」。術後護理共通項目包括觀察尿量與尿色、疼痛型態（腎絞痛常從腰側放射至下腹與會陰）、有無發燒與寒顫，並依醫囑過濾尿液收集碎石送驗以判定結石成分，進而給予對應的飲食預防指導。",[24,26,28,30,32],{"term":25,"count":10},"輸尿管鏡碎石術",{"term":27,"count":10},"麻醉方式選擇",{"term":29,"count":10},"雙J導管與導尿管留置",{"term":31,"count":10},"術後水分沖刷",{"term":33,"count":10},"術後感染與出血警訊",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-042","有關副甲狀腺功能低下之敘述，下列何者正確？",42,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-038","有關再生不良性貧血之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",38,106,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":48},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-052","評估使用呼吸器病人其氣管內管位置正確性的方式，下列何者最適當？",52,2,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-010","有關口腔癌之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",10,108,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-054","下列何者降低時，可作為阻塞性肺疾病的特徵？",54,109,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":48},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-008","有關顱內壓升高（IICP）的護理措施，下列何者正確？",8,110,"2026-08-06",1787299089018]