[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-050":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-115-1-內外科護理學-050","nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-050",115,1,50,"有關H1N1流感之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"病原菌屬於H型流感病毒","大部分病人症狀輕微，一週內可痊癒","主要經由飛沫與接觸傳染","治療藥物為Tamiflu及Relenza","A",null,[],"本題考點是H1N1流感的病原分類與基本流行病學特性。流感病毒依核蛋白抗原分為A、B、C三型，H1N1是A型流感病毒的一個亞型，其中H代表表面的血凝素、N代表神經胺酸酶，數字僅為抗原亞型編號，並不存在「H型流感病毒」這一分類，且流感由病毒而非細菌引起，故A為錯誤敘述。B正確，多數感染者症狀輕微，約一週內可自行痊癒，僅少數高危險族群併發肺炎等重症。C正確，主要經飛沫與接觸傳染。D正確，Tamiflu與Relenza同屬神經胺酸酶抑制劑，是流感的治療用藥。","A型流感之所以最受重視，是因為只有它同時具備抗原漂移與抗原轉移兩種變異方式：漂移是基因小幅突變，造成每年季節性流行並使疫苗需年年更新；轉移是不同亞型間基因重組產生全新病毒，人群普遍缺乏免疫力，是引發全球大流行的機制，2009 年的 H1N1 新型流感即屬此類。B型多造成局部流行且以兒童較常見，C型症狀最輕。藥物方面，神經胺酸酶抑制劑的原理是阻斷病毒從被感染細胞表面釋出而中斷擴散，因此必須在症狀出現後盡早使用才有效，Tamiflu 為口服、Relenza 為吸入劑型。防護重點可對照傳染途徑記憶：飛沫與接觸傳染對應戴口罩、勤洗手、咳嗽禮節與環境清潔，並與需負壓病室的空氣傳染疾病（如肺結核、麻疹）區分開來。可延伸複習疫苗接種對象與抗原漂移的關係。",[24,26,28,30,32],{"term":25,"count":10},"A型流感病毒亞型",{"term":27,"count":10},"血凝素與神經胺酸酶",{"term":29,"count":10},"飛沫與接觸傳染",{"term":31,"count":10},"神經胺酸酶抑制劑",{"term":33,"count":10},"抗原漂移與抗原轉移",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":10,"year":9,"session":38},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-001","腦下垂體腫瘤病人接受經蝶骨腫瘤切除術後第 4 天，持續有流鼻水、頭痛現象，下列處置之敘述何者正確？",2,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-047","有關異位性過敏病人之護理指導，下列何者正確？",47,106,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":38},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-061","有關睪丸癌最主要的危險因子，下列何者正確？",61,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-019","有關腔症候群的評估與處置，下列何者錯誤？",19,108,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-063","體液容積不足時之臨床表徵，下列何者正確？①口渴 ②體溫上升 ③尿比重下降 ④血比容積升高",63,109,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":38},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-017","有關痔瘡術後的護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",17,110,"2026-08-06",1787299089138]