[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-psychiatric-community-009":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-115-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-009","nurse-115-1-psychiatric-community-009",115,1,9,"有關思覺失調症病因之描述，下列何項正確？①負性症狀主要與多巴胺活動量過高有關                  ②父母為高情緒表達且互動僵化      ③其發病與遺傳因素有相關           ④病人的自我（ego）功能異常",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②③","①②④","①③④","②③④","D",null,[],"本題考點是思覺失調症的病因學。依多巴胺假說,「正性症狀」(幻覺、妄想)與中腦邊緣路徑多巴胺活性過高有關;負性症狀則與中腦皮質路徑多巴胺活性偏低相關,故①「負性症狀與多巴胺活動量過高有關」錯誤。②正確:高情緒表達(high EE)且互動僵化的家庭是發病與復發的重要環境因素;③正確:家族、雙生子與領養研究皆證實遺傳因素與發病相關;④正確:精神分析觀點認為病人自我(ego)功能異常,無法區辨現實與檢驗現實。②③④正確,故選D。","多巴胺假說的路徑對照是高頻考點:中腦邊緣路徑活性過高→正性症狀;中腦皮質路徑活性過低→負性與認知症狀;黑質紋狀體路徑被藥物阻斷→EPS;結節漏斗路徑被阻斷→泌乳激素升高。速記「邊緣高正、皮質低負」。高情緒表達指家屬對病人過度批評、敵意或情感過度涉入,與復發率上升相關,是家屬衛教的理論依據;遺傳部分,一般人群終生風險約1%,一等親風險明顯升高,同卵雙生子共病率約五成,顯示遺傳與環境共同作用。",[24,27,30,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"多巴胺假說",5,{"term":28,"count":29},"正性與負性症狀",2,{"term":31,"count":29},"自我功能",{"term":33,"count":10},"高情緒表達(high EE)",{"term":35,"count":10},"思覺失調症遺傳因素",[37,41,46,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-psychiatric-community-010","有關病人保護約束隔離期間的護理措施，下列何者正確？",10,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-006","臨床上發現病人有問題行為而需進行行為治療時，護理師在評估病人的問題行為時，應主要觀察的內容，下列何項正確？①在何種情況下（行為前情境）②病人出現何種行為 ③家人的感受 ④行為之後產生什麼結果",6,106,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":45,"session":29},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-020","黃先生，診斷思覺失調症，表示自己是調查局南機組幹員，被派到公司臥底，最近他查到公司與某位政府高層有進行一項見不得光的交易，所以被下降頭，護理師的反應下列何者最適當？",20,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":29},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-058","完成社區健康計畫後，評價計畫的價值性及執行計畫所引發的問題，屬於何種評價？",58,107,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":29},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-022","方小姐 28 歲，診斷為思覺失調症，因與宮廟工作人員發生衝突，入院治療，護理師觀察到個案喃喃自語，時而發笑，時而側耳傾聽，表示觀音菩薩正在跟她說話，請護理師別吵她，護理師的回應，下列何項較適當？",22,109,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":29},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-056","有關健康促進的概念，下列敘述何者正確？",56,110,"2026-08-06",1787299089747]