[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-psychiatric-community-018":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":62},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-115-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-018","nurse-115-1-psychiatric-community-018",115,1,18,"有關愷他命（ketamine）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"在醫學上是用於手術麻醉","容易罹患急性膀胱間質炎","常見中毒症狀是心搏過速、震顫、噁心嘔吐","ketamine屬於第三級毒品","B",null,[],"本題考點是愷他命(ketamine)的藥理特性與濫用危害,題目問「錯誤」者。愷他命為NMDA受體拮抗劑,長期濫用造成的是「慢性」膀胱傷害,即愷他命相關性膀胱炎(慢性間質性膀胱炎樣變化),表現頻尿、急尿、血尿與膀胱容量縮小,B寫成「容易罹患急性膀胱間質炎」,與其長期累積性傷害的特性不符,為錯誤敘述,依題意選B。A正確:醫療上作為解離性麻醉劑用於手術麻醉;C正確:中毒常見心搏過速、震顫、噁心嘔吐;D正確:依毒品危害防制條例,愷他命列屬第三級毒品。","愷他命俗稱K他命、K仔,屬解離性麻醉劑,濫用時產生人格解體、現實解體等解離經驗與幻覺。長期使用的兩大特徵性傷害:愷他命膀胱炎(K膀胱,嚴重者膀胱攣縮需重建手術)與膽道擴張、記憶認知受損。近年低劑量ketamine與其異構物esketamine被研究用於難治型憂鬱症,但屬嚴格管制下的醫療用途,與街頭濫用截然不同。管制分級對照:海洛因屬第一級、安非他命與MDMA屬第二級、愷他命屬第三級,是常考的分級記憶點。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"NMDA受體拮抗劑",{"term":27,"count":10},"愷他命相關性膀胱炎(慢性)",{"term":29,"count":10},"解離性麻醉劑",{"term":31,"count":10},"毒品危害防制條例第三級毒品",[33,37,42,47,52,57],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-psychiatric-community-019","小華的媽媽抱怨，小華很聰明、人緣好，但就是認字很差，文章表達不清楚。下列何項是小華最可能出現的診斷？",19,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":41,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-015","陳先生，32 歲，罹患思覺失調症（schizophrenia）已 6 年，入院時顯得散漫，不願意參加病房活動，下列那一項護理措施最適合？",15,106,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":41,"session":46},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-029","陳太太在一次大地震中，親眼目睹自己的家園及女兒被海嘯吞噬，而自己也因躲避海嘯而身體多處受傷。事發後，陳太太出現反覆夢見自己被海嘯吞噬的惡夢，不想參加任何活動，對未來抱持悲觀的心態，且不願談論與海嘯有關的話題，出現失眠、易怒等症狀，症狀持續一個月仍未改善，請問陳太太最可能的診斷為何？",29,2,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":46},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-067","社區衛生護理師扮演的代言人（advocate）角色，下列敘述何者最適當？",67,107,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":46},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-031","李同學 10 歲，是智能不足的兒童，因為在學校常與同學發生衝突並出手打壞同學眼鏡，學校護理師對於其暴力行為擬定行為修正約定：如果 1 天都未出現任何肢體攻擊，下列處置何者最適當？",31,109,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":46},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-065","社區護理師首次訪視剛來臺 4 個月的新住民，發現個案懷孕 3 個月，下列何者為優先措施？",65,110,"2026-08-06",1787299089851]