[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-1-psychiatric-community-025":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-115-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-025","nurse-115-1-psychiatric-community-025",115,1,25,"有關慢性精神病人的特性與照顧原則，下列說明何者正確？①病人正性症狀較多，且症狀嚴重   ② 醫療照顧應減少機構化之負面影響   ③居住環境應重視安全、舒適和定向感的刺激   ④藉由病人的生活規劃，有助減輕負性症狀",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"僅①②","僅②③","僅②③④","①②③④","C",null,[],"本題考點是慢性精神病人的特性與照護原則。慢性化病人的症狀以「負性症狀」為主,如情感平淡、社交退縮、動機與意志力低落,正性症狀通常已較不突出,故①「正性症狀較多且嚴重」錯誤。②正確:長期住院易產生機構化現象(被動、依賴、去個人化),醫療照顧應設法減少其負面影響;③正確:居住環境應重視安全、舒適,並提供定向感刺激(時鐘、日曆、標示)以維持現實感;④正確:結構化的生活規劃能提升活動參與和功能表現,有助減輕負性症狀。②③④正確,故選C。判斷關鍵在辨識慢性期以負性症狀為主。","急性期與慢性期的症狀重心對比:急性期以正性症狀(幻覺、妄想、混亂行為)為主,治療重點是藥物控制與安全;慢性期以負性症狀與認知功能退化為主,重點轉向復健與功能維持。機構化(institutionalization)指長期住院使病人喪失自主性、生活技能退化、對機構產生依賴,其解方正是題中②④的精神:減少過度保護、以結構化日程與復健活動促進參與,並逐步銜接社區資源。負性症狀對藥物反應較差,環境與活動介入因此格外重要,這也是慢性精神照護體系存在的理論基礎。",[24,27,30,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"負性症狀",5,{"term":28,"count":29},"機構化現象",2,{"term":31,"count":10},"定向感刺激",{"term":33,"count":10},"結構化生活規劃",{"term":35,"count":10},"慢性精神病人照護原則",[37,41,46,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-psychiatric-community-026","下列何者為衛生福利部主責「發展及提升原住民族及離島地區健康照護品質」之業務單位？",26,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-022","針對林女士的護理措施，下列何者為最優先考量？",22,106,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":45,"session":29},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-036","王先生 44 歲，原於山上種植咖啡，去年遭受嚴重風災導致咖啡園全毀及妻子去世之雙重打擊，下列何者為首要的照護措拖？",36,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":29},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-074","有關職場災難應變計畫之敘述，下列何者正確？",74,107,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":29},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-038","李先生在門診出現言語謾罵、挑釁，當護理師前來說明時，隨即打護理師，並生氣的說：「我等 2 小時，都還沒看到我」，李先生的行為較屬於下列那一項？",38,109,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":29},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-072","下列何者為我國目前國小校園最常見的傳染病？",72,110,"2026-08-06",1787299089948]