[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-001":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-2-基礎醫學-001","nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-001",115,2,1,"下列激素何者是藉由下丘腦-垂體徑（hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract）來運送？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"催乳激素（prolactin）","生長激素（growth hormone）","抗利尿激素（antidiuretic hormone）","促甲狀腺激素（thyroid-stimulating hormone）","C",null,[],"本題考點是下丘腦-垂體徑的定義與腦下垂體後葉的分泌路徑。抗利尿激素與催產素由下視丘的視上核、腦室旁核神經元合成,再沿神經軸突組成的下丘腦-垂體徑直接送到腦下垂體後葉儲存與釋出,屬神經內分泌路徑,故選 C。催乳激素(A)、生長激素(B)、促甲狀腺激素(D)都是腦下垂體前葉腺體細胞自行合成分泌的荷爾蒙,前葉與下視丘之間靠的是下丘腦-垂體門脈血流系統,由下視丘釋素隨血液調控前葉,並非軸突運送,因此三者都不走本題所問的神經徑路。","腦下垂體後葉在胚胎上是下視丘向下延伸的神經組織,所以沒有腺體細胞,只有軸突末梢與支持的垂體細胞(pituicyte);ADH 與催產素在軸突運送途中與 neurophysin 結合成顆粒,故後葉損傷會直接切斷這條軸突流而出現中樞性尿液過多的尿崩症。記憶口訣:「後葉只有兩兄弟——ADH 管水、催產素管收縮;其餘六個荷爾蒙都是前葉的事」。對比表可整理成:後葉=神經徑路(軸突)、前葉=門脈徑路(血流+釋素)。延伸複習可連結尿崩症與抗利尿激素不當分泌症候群(SIADH)的血鈉、尿液滲透壓變化。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"腦下垂體後葉",5,{"term":29,"count":30},"抗利尿激素",4,{"term":32,"count":12},"下丘腦-垂體徑",{"term":34,"count":12},"下丘腦-垂體門脈系統",[36,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":11,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-002","有關真皮（dermis）的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":12},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-048","一位 18 歲男性病人右膝疼痛，影像醫學檢查發現右側股骨骺端有一個界線不清楚的溶骨性病灶，且在骨膜上有柯德曼三角形（Codman triangle）的特徵。切片下顯示有許多過染性（hyperchromatic），非典型的紡錘狀（spindle）細胞增生，偶爾可見有類骨質（osteoid）的基質和有絲分裂。它最有可能是何種腫瘤？",48,106,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-062","使用三合一療法（triple therapy）治療幽門桿菌引起的胃潰瘍，不包含下列何種藥物？",62,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":12},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-020","精子產生後在下列何處成熟，而獲得運動能力？",20,108,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":12},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-064","有關停經後雌性激素替代治療（postmenopausal estrogen replacement）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",64,109,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-018","基底核（basal nuclei）功能受損或退化的症狀，下列何者最有關？",18,110,"2026-08-06",1787299017346]