[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-004":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-2-基礎醫學-004","nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-004",115,2,4,"血漿（plasma）中下列何種蛋白質的含量降低時，會造成組織水腫（edema）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"白蛋白（albumin）","球蛋白（globulin）","纖維蛋白原（fibrinogen）","血紅蛋白（hemoglobin）","A",null,[],"本題考點是血漿膠體滲透壓與 Starling 力平衡如何決定水腫。白蛋白分子量相對小、在血漿蛋白中含量最高(約占六成),是產生血漿膠體滲透壓的主要蛋白;白蛋白下降時膠體滲透壓降低,微血管留不住水分,液體滯留在組織間隙形成水腫,故選 A。B 球蛋白主要負責免疫防禦與物質運送,對膠體滲透壓的貢獻遠低於白蛋白。C 纖維蛋白原負責凝血最後一步形成纖維蛋白,缺乏時表現為出血傾向而非水腫。D 血紅蛋白位於紅血球內而不在血漿中,不足時造成的是貧血與組織缺氧。","Starling 假說中微血管內外的液體移動 =(微血管靜水壓 − 組織間液靜水壓)−(血漿膠體滲透壓 − 組織間液膠體滲透壓),白蛋白正是第二組括號的主角,所以低白蛋白造成的水腫屬全身性、凹陷性,且不伴隨頸靜脈壓上升。臨床上肝硬化(合成不足)、腎病症候群(尿中流失)、嚴重營養不良與大面積燒傷(滲漏流失)都循同一機轉。對比記法:「靜水壓推水出去、膠體壓拉水回來,白蛋白就是那條回收繩」。延伸可連結血清白蛋白正常值判讀與腹水形成。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"血漿膠體滲透壓",5,{"term":29,"count":27},"Starling 力",{"term":31,"count":12},"白蛋白",{"term":33,"count":34},"水腫形成",1,[36,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":27,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-005","胸骨左側第 2 肋間最靠近下列心臟的那個瓣膜？",{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":34},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-051","下列何種膽鹼性致效劑（cholinergic agonists），較適用於治療青光眼？",51,106,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-065","主要辨識革蘭氏陰性菌的脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide）的細胞受體是那一種？",65,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":34},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-023","下列何者最不容易使氧合血紅素解離曲線（oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve）右移？",23,108,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":34},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-067","小鼠如果在出生後，立即切除胸腺（thymectomy），主要會影響那一種免疫反應？",67,109,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-021","有關細胞膜的主要生理功能，下列何者錯誤？",21,110,"2026-08-06",1787299017365]