[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-011":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-115-2-基礎醫學-011","nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-011",115,2,11,"泛素（ubiquitin）最主要的功能為何？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"啟始蛋白質的組裝","運送核糖核酸","穩定蛋白質正確的構型","引領蛋白質的降解","D",null,[],"本題考點是泛素-蛋白酶體系統的功能定位。細胞以一系列泛素接合酶把多個泛素分子共價接到目標蛋白的離胺酸殘基上,形成多泛素鏈作為降解標籤,被 26S 蛋白酶體辨識後將該蛋白水解成短胜肽,是細胞內選擇性清除受損、錯誤摺疊或過期蛋白的主要途徑,故選 D。A 錯在方向,蛋白質組裝的啟始由核糖體與轉譯起始因子負責。B 錯在對象,泛素標記的是蛋白質而非核酸,RNA 輸出靠核輸出蛋白與細胞骨架。C 穩定正確構型是分子伴護蛋白如熱休克蛋白的工作,作用方向與泛素相反。","泛素化是「貼標籤等回收」的概念:多泛素鏈相當於垃圾分類標籤,蛋白酶體則是碎紙機,整個系統耗 ATP、具高度選擇性,與溶酶體的自噬途徑分工不同(前者處理單一短命蛋白,後者處理大團塊與胞器)。這條路徑的臨床延伸很廣:細胞週期蛋白(cyclin)必須被定時降解細胞才能推進週期;帕金森氏症與泛素化異常造成的蛋白堆積有關;多發性骨髓瘤的用藥 bortezomib 正是蛋白酶體抑制劑。記憶口訣:「泛素一貼,蛋白就準備報廢」。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"蛋白酶體",{"term":28,"count":29},"泛素",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"蛋白質降解",{"term":33,"count":29},"分子伴護蛋白",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-012","肌肉收縮的滑動絲（sliding filament）模型描述的是那兩種蛋白間的交互作用？",12,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-058","下列緊急降血壓用藥，何者的藥效作用持續時間最短？",58,106,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-072","對於「D 型肝炎」的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",72,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":29},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-030","下列何者與第一心音的產生有關？",30,108,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":29},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-074","下列何種細胞激素是活化巨噬細胞使其產生一氧化氮合成酶（inducible nitric oxide synthase）、一氧化氮（NO）以及活性氧化物（ROS）的最佳因子？",74,109,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-028","健康檢查中檢測腎功能的常用指標，下列何者正確？",28,110,"2026-08-06",1787299017468]