[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-013":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-2-基礎醫學-013","nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-013",115,2,13,"自律神經系統的副交感神經節後神經元（postganglionic parasympathetic neuron）所分泌的神經傳遞物質為何？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"acetycholine","norepinephrine","epinephrine","dopamine","A",null,[],"本題考點是自律神經各段的神經傳遞物質分布。副交感神經不論節前或節後神經元都釋放乙醯膽鹼(acetylcholine),節前作用於神經節的菸鹼型受體,節後則作用於標的器官的毒蕈鹼型受體,故選 A。B 正腎上腺素是多數交感神經節後神經元的傳遞物質,汗腺等少數交感節後纖維才例外使用乙醯膽鹼。C 腎上腺素主要由腎上腺髓質分泌進入血液循環,屬荷爾蒙而非節後神經傳遞物質。D 多巴胺是中樞神經與部分腎臟血管的傳遞物質,並非副交感節後所分泌。","自律神經傳遞物質可整理成一張表:交感節前=乙醯膽鹼、交感節後=正腎上腺素(汗腺與部分血管例外用乙醯膽鹼)、副交感節前與節後皆=乙醯膽鹼;腎上腺髓質相當於一個特化的交感神經節,故其分泌物直接進入血液。這張表是理解藥理最重要的地基:抗膽鹼藥物阻斷毒蕈鹼型受體會出現口乾、視力模糊、心跳加快、尿滯留與便秘,正是副交感被關掉的全套表現;膽鹼酯酶抑制劑則相反。延伸可連結有機磷中毒的臨床表徵與解毒原理。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"乙醯膽鹼",8,{"term":29,"count":30},"副交感神經節後神經元",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"毒蕈鹼型受體",{"term":34,"count":30},"自律神經傳遞物質",[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-014","某病人接受頸部手術後，抱怨手術後食慾不佳、便秘症狀。上述症狀最可能是因為那一條神經受損所造成？",14,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":30},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-060","下列何種抗胃潰瘍藥物有抑制肝臟細胞色素 P450（cytochrome P450）的作用？",60,106,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-074","白色念珠菌（C. albicans）為正常菌群，但若在下列何處發現時，表示已受感染？",74,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":30},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-032","在進食之頭期（cephalic phase），下列何者會被激活？",32,108,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":30},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-076","某些病毒感染與人類腫瘤的發生具高度相關性。下列病毒感染與其相關聯之腫瘤發生之配對關係，何者錯誤？",76,109,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-030","造成氧合解離曲線（oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve）向左偏移，下列何者正確？",30,110,"2026-08-06",1787299017488]