[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-015":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-2-基礎醫學-015","nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-015",115,2,15,"當血糖濃度高於正常範圍時，一般會產生下列何種調節反應？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"升糖素分泌增加","血漿葡萄糖進入脂肪細胞","肝臟進行糖質新生","胰島素促使血糖進入腦細胞","B",null,[],"本題考點是血糖上升後胰島素的作用標的與葡萄糖轉運機制。血糖高於正常時胰島 β 細胞分泌胰島素,胰島素使脂肪細胞與骨骼肌細胞內的 GLUT4 轉運體移到細胞膜,讓血中葡萄糖進入細胞儲存為肝醣或轉為三酸甘油酯,故選 B。A 錯在方向,升糖素是低血糖時才由 α 細胞分泌增加。C 錯在時機,糖質新生是空腹或低血糖時肝臟由乳酸、胺基酸製造葡萄糖的反應。D 錯在機轉,腦細胞以 GLUT1、GLUT3 攝取葡萄糖,不受胰島素調控,屬非胰島素依賴組織。","血糖調控可視為兩組拮抗荷爾蒙的翹翹板:高血糖→胰島素(促進攝取、肝醣合成、脂肪合成),低血糖→升糖素、腎上腺素、皮質醇、生長激素(促進肝醣分解與糖質新生)。GLUT4 屬胰島素依賴,只出現在脂肪與骨骼肌;腦與紅血球用的 GLUT1、GLUT3 不依賴胰島素——這正是低血糖會先出現意識改變等中樞症狀,以及糖尿病病人腦部仍能取用葡萄糖的原因。延伸可連結運動可不經胰島素促進肌肉攝取葡萄糖的機轉。",[25,28,30,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"糖質新生",3,{"term":29,"count":11},"胰島素",{"term":31,"count":32},"GLUT4 轉運體",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"血糖恆定調節",[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-016","有關自主神經系統對心臟的影響，下列敘述何者正確？",16,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":32},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-062","下列何種藥物作用不會增加體重？",62,106,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-076","臺灣每年夏天常有登革熱的區域流行，對於登革熱病毒（dengue virus）的特性，下列敘述何者錯誤？",76,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":32},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-034","下列何項屬於與 X 性染色體（X-linked）相關之遺傳疾病？",34,108,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":32},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-078","微生物學家科霍（Robert Koch）提出特定疾病病原的判斷原則，稱之為科霍假說（Koch’s postulate）。基於現代科技的進展，在應用的過程，科霍假說不適用於下列那一種疾病？",78,109,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-032","下列那個物質不會出現在乳糜微粒（chylomicron）中？",32,110,"2026-08-06",1787299017515]