[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-016":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-2-基礎醫學-016","nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-016",115,2,16,"有關自主神經系統對心臟的影響，下列敘述何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"當交感神經活化時，心跳變快及收縮力下降","當交感神經活化時，心跳變快及收縮力增加","當副交感神經活化時，心跳變慢及收縮力增加","當副交感神經活化時，心跳變快及收縮力增加","B",null,[],"本題考點是交感與副交感神經對心率與心肌收縮力的雙重影響。交感神經末梢釋放正腎上腺素作用於心臟 β1 受體,提高竇房節的自發去極化速率而使心跳變快,同時增加心肌細胞內鈣離子而使收縮力增強,兩者同方向上升,故選 B。A 錯在把收縮力寫成下降,交感活化不會把這兩種作用拆開。C、D 錯在副交感的方向,迷走神經釋放乙醯膽鹼作用於毒蕈鹼型 M2 受體,使竇房節去極化變慢、心跳下降;其纖維主要分布於竇房節與房室節,對心室收縮力影響很小,不會使心跳或收縮力上升。","把心臟自律調控拆成三個作用名稱最清楚:頻率作用(chronotropic,竇房節)、傳導作用(dromotropic,房室節)、收縮作用(inotropic,心肌)。交感三者皆正向,副交感則主要作用在前兩者、負向。這解釋了為何 β 阻斷劑同時降心跳與降心肌耗氧,成為心肌梗塞與心臟衰竭的常規用藥;也解釋了迷走神經刺激(如 Valsalva 動作)能終止某些心室上心搏過速。延伸可連結心輸出量=心跳×每搏輸出量的計算與 Frank-Starling 定律。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"交感神經 β1 受體",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"正性頻率作用",{"term":31,"count":27},"毒蕈鹼型 M2 受體",{"term":33,"count":27},"心肌收縮力",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-017","下列何者不是造成男性不孕症的原因？",17,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-063","下列青黴素類（penicillins）抗生素中，何者因為不易被葡萄球菌產生之 penicillinase 破壞，所以主要用於治療葡萄球菌造成之感染？",63,106,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-077","實驗室診斷病毒感染的其中一個方法是利用細胞培養方式。下列何種病毒會在患者腦部出現所謂的 Negri 小體（Negri body）？",77,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-035","岡氏複合體（Ghon’s complex）是下列何種微生物感染肺部所造成的臨床病理特徵？",35,108,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":27},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-079","下列關於肺炎披衣菌（Chlamydophila pneumoniae）的敘述何者錯誤？",79,109,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-033","血清素（serotonin）是屬於那一類之炎症化學介質？",33,110,"2026-08-06",1787299017519]