[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-022":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-2-基礎醫學-022","nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-022",115,2,22,"第一型過敏反應是因人體的那一種抗體與抗原結合後，造成肥大細胞的去顆粒化作用，而釋出組織胺（histamine）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"IgA","IgG","IgE","IgD","C",null,[],"本題考點是四型過敏反應中第一型的免疫機轉。第一型屬立即型過敏反應,過敏原初次進入後誘生專一性 IgE,IgE 的 Fc 段結合在肥大細胞與嗜鹼性球表面;再次接觸同一過敏原時抗原橋聯這些 IgE,引發去顆粒化並釋出組織胺、白三烯素等介質,造成血管通透性上升、支氣管平滑肌收縮,故選 C。A IgA 主要分布於黏膜分泌液與乳汁,提供局部防禦。B IgG 含量最高,參與的是第二型與第三型反應。D IgD 主要表現在未成熟 B 細胞表面,與過敏反應無關。","四型過敏反應可背成「一 E、二三 G、四 T」:第一型 IgE 立即型(過敏性休克、氣喘、蕁麻疹)、第二型抗體對細胞的細胞毒殺(輸血反應、自體免疫溶血)、第三型免疫複合體沉積(全身性紅斑性狼瘡、血清病)、第四型 T 細胞遲發型(結核菌素試驗、接觸性皮膚炎)。第一型的兩階段設計是理解重點:第一次接觸只是致敏,第二次才發作,故過敏性休克常在再次用藥或再次被螫時出現。延伸可連結組織胺造成的血管擴張與腎上腺素的拮抗機轉。",[25,28,30,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"第一型過敏反應",12,{"term":17,"count":29},8,{"term":31,"count":32},"組織胺",4,{"term":34,"count":11},"肥大細胞去顆粒化",[36,40,46,51,56,61],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-023","有關體染色體隱性（autosomal recessive）遺傳疾病的描述，下列何者錯誤？",23,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":45},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-069","人類腎臟移植時會發生超急性移植排斥反應，主要為下列何種系統不合所引起？",69,106,1,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":45},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-003","下列何者不附著於肩胛骨上？",3,107,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":45},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-041","有關主動充血（hyperemia）或被動充血（congestion）的敘述，下列何者最不適當？",41,108,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-005","下列有關胸膜的敘述，何者錯誤？",5,109,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-039","胎兒紅血球母細胞症（erythroblastosis fetalis）的主要病因為何？",39,110,"2026-08-06",1787299017572]