[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-024":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":67},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-2-基礎醫學-024","nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-024",115,2,24,"關於肺癌的敘述，下列何者最適當？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"鱗狀上皮癌（squamous cell carcinoma）好發於不抽菸的女性病患","小細胞癌（small cell carcinoma）最常見的基因變異是 EGFR 基因突變","大細胞癌（large cell carcinoma）是最常見的肺癌組織類型（histologic type）","肺腺癌（adenocarcinoma）好發於肺臟的周邊位置","D",null,[],"本題考點是各型肺癌的組織型別、發生位置與基因變異對應。肺腺癌源自支氣管末梢與肺泡的黏液分泌上皮,病灶多位於肺臟周邊,也是不抽菸者與女性最常見的型別,故 D 最適當。A 錯在族群與位置,鱗狀上皮癌與抽菸高度相關,好發於中央大支氣管的男性病人。B 錯在基因變異,小細胞癌的典型變異是 TP53 與 RB1 失活,EGFR 突變則多見於不抽菸者的肺腺癌。C 錯在盛行率,大細胞癌屬少見型別,目前最常見的組織型別是肺腺癌。","肺癌可先分兩大類:小細胞癌(中央型、生長快、早期轉移、對化學與放射治療反應好但易復發,常伴抗利尿激素不當分泌或庫欣症候群等腫瘤旁症候群)與非小細胞癌(腺癌、鱗狀上皮癌、大細胞癌,以手術與標靶治療為主)。位置口訣:「腺癌在外圍、鱗狀與小細胞在中央」,對應的臨床表現也不同——中央型早期出現咳嗽、咳血與阻塞性肺炎,周邊型常無症狀而以胸痛或影像偶然發現。延伸可連結 EGFR 標靶藥物適用族群與低劑量電腦斷層篩檢。",[25,28,30,33,35],{"term":26,"count":27},"鱗狀上皮癌",3,{"term":29,"count":11},"小細胞癌",{"term":31,"count":32},"肺腺癌",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"EGFR 基因突變",{"term":36,"count":32},"肺癌組織型別",[38,42,47,52,57,62],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-025","有關鼻咽癌（nasopharyngeal carcinoma）的敘述，下列何者正確？",25,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":32},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-071","治療 A 族溶血性鏈球菌的感染病，以下列何種抗生素為優先？",71,106,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":32},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-005","腹骨盆腔九分區的假想線中，最下方的水平線通過下列何者？",5,107,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":32},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-043","一個 2 歲的孩童，體重只有正常小孩的 60%，出現全身性水腫、腹水、皮膚顯現不規則的色素沈著區及髮色改變，此孩童最有可能發生下列何種疾病？",43,108,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-007","下列何者的血液供應不源自腹腔動脈幹（celiac trunk）的分枝？",7,109,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-041","鏈球菌感染後腎絲球腎炎（post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis）之主要臨床表現，下列何者錯誤？",41,110,"2026-08-06",1787299017588]