[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-025":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":67},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-2-基礎醫學-025","nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-025",115,2,25,"有關鼻咽癌（nasopharyngeal carcinoma）的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"好發於歐美國家，非洲國家十分罕見","與 EB 病毒（Epstein-Barr virus）感染有關","治療以外科手術為主，化學治療為輔","角化型鱗狀細胞癌（keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma）的預後是最好的","B",null,[],"本題考點是鼻咽癌的流行病學、致病因子與治療原則。鼻咽癌與 EB 病毒感染關係密切,腫瘤細胞內可測到 EB 病毒基因體,血中 EB 病毒相關抗體與病毒 DNA 量可作為輔助診斷與治療後追蹤指標,故選 B。A 錯在地理分布,鼻咽癌在華南、台灣與東南亞發生率高,歐美反而少見。C 錯在治療方式,鼻咽位置深、周圍構造複雜且腫瘤對放射線敏感,以放射治療為主、進展期合併化學治療,手術僅用於殘存或復發病灶。D 錯在預後比較,非角化型對放射治療反應較好,預後優於角化型鱗狀細胞癌。","鼻咽癌的致病被視為三因子交互:EB 病毒感染、遺傳易感性(特定 HLA 型別、家族史)與環境因素(醃漬食物中的亞硝胺、吸菸)。常考的臨床表現可整理成四類:頸部淋巴結腫大(最常見的首發表現,因鼻咽淋巴回流豐富且雙側交錯)、鼻部症狀(鼻塞、帶血鼻分泌物)、耳部症狀(單側耳悶、聽力下降,因腫瘤阻塞耳咽管)、腦神經症狀(顱底侵犯造成顏面麻木或視覺異常)。放射治療後的照護重點包括口乾、黏膜炎、張口困難與放射性齒齦問題。",[25,28,30,33,35],{"term":26,"count":27},"鼻咽癌",4,{"term":29,"count":11},"EB 病毒",{"term":31,"count":32},"放射治療敏感性",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"非角化型鱗狀細胞癌",{"term":36,"count":32},"地區流行病學",[38,42,47,52,57,62],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-026","B 型血友病（hemophilia B）是因缺乏下列何種凝血因子所造成？",26,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":32},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-072","在幼童常見造成細菌性腦膜炎的主要致病原為何？",72,106,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":32},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-006","下列何者的管壁不具平滑肌？",6,107,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":32},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-044","好發於大腦底部威利氏環（circle of Willis）或分枝處的動脈瘤是那一種形態？",44,108,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-008","拔牙前，醫生進行局部麻醉以阻斷下列何者之傳導來減少疼痛？",8,109,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-042","25 歲女性，因下腹部不適就醫，經醫師檢查後確定為良性卵巢腫瘤。下列何者的可能性最高？",42,110,"2026-08-06",1787299017600]