[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-026":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-115-2-基礎醫學-026","nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-026",115,2,26,"B 型血友病（hemophilia B）是因缺乏下列何種凝血因子所造成？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"第八因子（factor VIII）","第九因子（factor IX）","第十因子（factor X）","第十一因子（factor XI）","B",null,[],"本題考點是血友病的分型與各型所缺乏的凝血因子。依血友病命名原則,缺乏內在凝血途徑第八因子者稱 A 型,缺乏第九因子者稱 B 型(舊稱 Christmas disease),兩型皆為 X 染色體隱性遺傳、臨床以男性發病為主,故 B 型血友病對應第九因子,選 B。選項 A 的第八因子缺乏是 A 型血友病,約占血友病的八成。選項 C 的第十因子屬共同途徑,其缺乏是罕見的體染色體遺傳性凝血異常,不列入血友病 A\u002FB 的分類。選項 D 的第十一因子缺乏習稱 C 型血友病,屬體染色體隱性遺傳、出血傾向較輕,與 B 型在因子與遺傳模式上都不同。","第八、第九因子同屬內在凝血途徑,缺乏時實驗室表現一致:aPTT 延長而 PT 正常、血小板數與出血時間正常,故單看凝血篩檢無法分辨 A 型或 B 型,必須做個別因子活性測定。因子活性 \u003C1% 為重度(自發性關節腔出血、深部肌肉出血)、1–5% 中度、5–40% 輕度,這也是國考常考的分級。治療上 A 型補第八因子製劑、B 型補第九因子製劑,第九因子半衰期較長,補充頻率相對低。記憶口訣:「八 A、九 B、十一 C」,再加一句「A、B 都在 X 染色體,C 走體染色體」。可連結複習:von Willebrand 疾病(vWF 缺乏連帶降低第八因子,但出血時間延長、以黏膜出血為主)、混合試驗(mixing study)用來區別因子缺乏與抑制物存在。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"血友病分型",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"第九因子",{"term":31,"count":27},"內在凝血途徑",{"term":33,"count":27},"X 染色體隱性遺傳",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-027","關於食道靜脈曲張的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",27,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-073","下列何者是引起體內各器官伺機性感染的主要細菌？",73,106,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":27},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-007","有關淋巴結的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",7,107,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":27},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-045","下列關於急性淋巴母細胞性白血病（Acute lymphoblastic leukemia\u002Flymphoma）的臨床與預後的敘述，何者錯誤？",45,108,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-009","嗜鉻性細胞（chromaffin cells）主要位於下列何構造中？",9,109,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-043","5 歲小男孩，出現腦壓增加、步履不穩的症狀，腦部電腦斷層掃描發現小腦中間有一生長迅速的腫瘤，下列何者是最可能的診斷？",43,110,"2026-08-06",1787299017613]