[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-maternal-pediatric-048":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"產兒科護理學","maternal-pediatric",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-115-2-產兒科護理學-048","nurse-115-2-maternal-pediatric-048",115,2,48,"有關小兒急性腸胃炎（acute gastroenteritis）臨床表徵之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"感染諾羅病毒（norovirus）腸胃炎，較少有嘔吐症狀","病原性大腸桿菌症狀（pathogenic E.coli）為綠色水樣便且伴有血液及黏膜","輪狀病毒（rotavirus）感染常併有上呼吸道感染","沙門氏菌（Salmonella）感染的大便含有血絲","A",null,[],"本題考點在於各病原造成小兒急性腸胃炎的表徵差異。諾羅病毒的特色正是以突發性嘔吐為最主要症狀,在兒童身上尤其明顯,說它較少嘔吐與事實相反,故 A 錯誤。B 正確,病原性大腸桿菌侵犯腸黏膜,可造成綠色水樣便並帶血絲與黏液。C 正確,輪狀病毒感染常先有發燒與上呼吸道症狀,再出現大量水瀉。D 正確,沙門氏菌屬侵入性病原,會破壞腸黏膜使大便含血絲與黏液,並帶有特殊惡臭。","延伸對照:輪狀病毒好發於秋冬與兩歲以下幼兒,先發燒與呼吸道症狀再水瀉,已有口服疫苗可預防;諾羅病毒全年可見、傳染力極強且常造成校園與郵輪群聚,以嘔吐為主症,酒精性乾洗手效果差,環境需以稀釋漂白水消毒;沙門氏菌多來自未熟蛋與禽肉,惡臭血絲便為線索;志賀氏菌可伴高燒與抽搐;腸道出血性大腸桿菌 O157 則以血便為主並有溶血性尿毒症候群風險。護理主軸不在止瀉,而在脫水程度評估與補液:看囟門、眼窩、皮膚彈性、黏膜濕潤度、尿量與體重變化,輕中度脫水以口服電解質液少量多次補充,避免高糖飲料造成滲透性腹瀉。考點設計邏輯:三個正確選項是病原與糞便性狀的配對,錯項則把最出名的招牌症狀反寫,屬記憶配對題。可連結概念:脫水嚴重度分級、口服電解質液組成、腸道傳染病接觸傳染防護。",[24,27,30,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"輪狀病毒腸胃炎",3,{"term":28,"count":29},"諾羅病毒以嘔吐為主",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"沙門氏菌血絲便",{"term":33,"count":29},"病原性大腸桿菌",{"term":35,"count":29},"小兒脫水評估",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-maternal-pediatric-049","蘇小妹，3 歲，開顱手術後第 2 天，有關評估顱內壓上升的症狀，下列何項評估不適當？",49,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-maternal-pediatric-015","高女士已超過預產期 3 天，醫師建議入院引產，下列敘述何者正確？",15,106,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":29},"nurse-107-1-maternal-pediatric-029","謝女士懷孕 39 週，入院待產中，產程進度情形為：子宮頸擴張 8 cm，變薄 80%，高度為+2，已破水。胎兒監測器圖形顯示胎心率下降至 100 bpm，減速的時間與子宮收縮沒一定關係，下列何者為最有可能的情形？",29,107,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":29},"nurse-108-1-maternal-pediatric-067","小瑛，2 歲，入院時，護理師在進行呼吸系統評估時，聽到哮鳴音（Stridor），可能的原因為何？",67,108,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-maternal-pediatric-031","根據臺灣優生保健法施行細則規定，除醫療行為外，人工流產應於幾週內施行？",31,109,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-maternal-pediatric-065","小倫，6 個月大，患有法洛氏四重畸形（Tetralogy of Fallot, TOF），為維持心輸出量足夠身體所需之組織灌流的護理目標，下列護理措施何者不適當？",65,110,"2026-08-06",1787299007389]