[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-023":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-115-2-內外科護理學-023","nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-023",115,2,23,"有關癌症病人出現食慾不振之護理措施，下列何者最適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"提供軟質、偏酸辣的熱食，促進食慾","應採用全靜脈高營養法，維持營養需求","注意病人情緒，如焦慮、憂鬱對食慾的影響","少量多餐，避免增加營養添加物如酵素及維生素","C",null,[],"本題考點是癌症病人食慾不振的多因性評估。依整體性照護原則,食慾同時受生理因素(噁心、口腔黏膜炎、味覺改變、疼痛)與心理社會因素影響,焦慮、憂鬱與治療壓力都會抑制進食意願,因此留意並處理情緒層面屬最適當的護理措施,選 C。A 不適當,偏酸辣與過熱的食物會刺激口腔黏膜炎與食道,反而降低進食意願,以溫度偏涼、質地柔軟的食物較易接受。B 不適當,營養支持依腸道優先原則,能經口或經腸道進食就不採全靜脈高營養,後者導管感染與代謝併發症風險較高。D 前半的少量多餐正確,但避免營養添加物並無依據,必要時可依評估補充。","處理食慾不振的措施可分四組記:口腔照護(進食前清潔、處理黏膜炎與口乾)、飲食調整(少量多餐、高蛋白高熱量、涼食或室溫食物以減少氣味刺激、避免在治療前後立即進食)、環境與心理(用餐環境舒適、家屬陪伴、尊重食物偏好)、藥物與醫療支持(依醫囑使用止吐劑,必要時考慮食慾促進劑)。營養狀態的客觀追蹤指標包括體重變化百分比、白蛋白與前白蛋白、攝食紀錄與人體測量。營養支持的階梯順序是經口進食、口服營養補充品、管灌腸道營養,最後才是靜脈營養,對應腸道有功能就用腸道的原則。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"少量多餐",5,{"term":28,"count":29},"癌症食慾不振",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"心理因素與進食意願",{"term":33,"count":29},"腸道優先營養支持原則",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-024","一位癌症病人檢查及評估結果如下：血壓 105\u002F65 mmHg，呼吸 20 次／分，心電圖顯示正常竇性心律，鉀離子 4.1 mmol\u002FL，尿酸 5.5 mg\u002FdL，血鈣 9.2 mg\u002FdL，蹠反射強直，無水腫症狀。病人最可能罹患下列何種腫瘤急症？",24,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-070","有關糖尿病酮酸中毒之常見徵象，下列何者正確？",70,106,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":29},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-004","陳先生因頭部外傷出現顱內壓升高，有關使用 Mannitol 治療之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",4,107,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":29},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-042","有關非何杰金氏淋巴瘤之治療，下列何者正確？",42,108,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-006","腦中風病人使用 Aspirin 100 mg 1# P. O. Q. D.治療的目的，下列何者正確？",6,109,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-040","有關瀕死病人護理的敘述，下列何者正確？①出現瀕死前的嘎嘎聲是因為喉嚨有痰，要給予抽痰 ②肛門附近周圍皮膚傷口可使用氧化鋅 ③要鼓勵病人進食，以增加舒適感 ④瀕死病人對刺激無反應時，其聽力也會喪失 ⑤意識不清病人宜採側臥，以利分泌物流出",40,110,"2026-08-06",1787299037134]