[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-031":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-115-2-內外科護理學-031","nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-031",115,2,31,"下列何者不是愛滋病人服用高效能抗反轉錄病毒治療（俗稱雞尾酒療法）之副作用？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"心血管疾病","糖尿病","骨質疏鬆","高密度膽固醇血症","D",null,[],"本題考點是高效能抗反轉錄病毒治療的長期代謝副作用方向。依此類藥物引起的脂肪重新分布與胰島素阻抗機轉,典型血脂異常是三酸甘油酯與低密度膽固醇上升、高密度膽固醇下降,並伴隨血糖代謝異常與骨密度流失,故 D 所述高密度膽固醇上升與實際方向相反,不屬於副作用。A 正確,血脂異常合併慢性發炎與內皮功能受損,使心血管疾病風險升高。B 正確,蛋白酶抑制劑相關的胰島素阻抗可導致血糖上升甚至糖尿病。C 正確,長期用藥與病毒本身的發炎狀態皆與骨質密度下降、骨質疏鬆有關。","延伸藥理:高效能抗反轉錄病毒治療合併多類藥物以壓制病毒複製並延緩抗藥性,不同機轉各有代謝負擔——蛋白酶抑制劑偏向血脂與血糖異常和脂肪重新分布(四肢與臉部脂肪減少、腹部與後頸堆積),某些反轉錄酶抑制劑偏向腎小管與骨密度影響。判讀口訣:此療法的代謝副作用一律是壞的方向變壞,高密度膽固醇這個好膽固醇會降低而非升高,凡選項寫成好轉即可先排除。追蹤概念上,治療成效看病毒量與 CD4 淋巴球數,安全性看血脂、血糖、腎功能與骨密度。可連結概念:愛滋病病程分期、機會性感染預防、服藥遵從性與抗藥性。",[24,27,28,31,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"胰島素阻抗",5,{"term":16,"count":10},{"term":29,"count":30},"高效能抗反轉錄病毒治療",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"脂肪重新分布症候群",{"term":34,"count":30},"血脂異常",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-032","有關參與免疫反應的細胞之敘述，下列何者正確？",32,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":30},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-078","有關大量傷患事故檢傷分類 START（Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",78,106,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":30},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-012","有關促使食道下括約肌壓力降低之物質，下列何者錯誤？",12,107,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":30},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-050","有關細胞性免疫之敘述，下列何者正確？",50,108,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-014","有關舌癌的敘述，下列何者正確？",14,109,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-048","有關後天免疫缺乏症候群（acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS）病人出院護理指導的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",48,110,"2026-08-06",1787299037208]