[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-040":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-115-2-內外科護理學-040","nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-040",115,2,40,"有關接受膀胱鏡檢查病人的護理指導，下列何者不適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"若採局部麻醉，檢查前必須禁食","檢查過程中要保持不動，以避免泌尿道黏膜損傷","檢查後請病人觀察有無腹部劇痛、血塊和排尿困難的情形","檢查後請病人多喝水，以減輕排尿灼熱感和稀釋尿液","A",null,[],"本題考點是膀胱鏡檢查依麻醉方式不同的準備原則。依麻醉照護常規,術前禁食的目的在避免全身麻醉或脊髓麻醉時保護性反射受抑制、嘔吐造成吸入性肺炎;若採局部麻醉,病人意識清醒、咽喉反射完整,通常不需禁食,故 A 不適當。B 適當,檢查過程中身體移動可能使鏡身刮傷尿道與膀胱黏膜,甚至造成穿孔。C 適當,檢查後出現持續腹部劇痛、排出血塊或排尿困難,是出血、感染或膀胱損傷的重要觀察指標。D 適當,增加水分攝取可稀釋尿液並沖洗尿道,減輕黏膜灼熱感與降低感染機會。","延伸原理:侵入性檢查的準備清單其實是跟著麻醉層級走,而不是跟著檢查名稱走——同一項膀胱鏡,局部麻醉時重點在解釋配合與姿勢固定,全身麻醉時就要加上禁食、術前評估與術後甦醒觀察,這個判讀邏輯可套用在胃鏡、大腸鏡與支氣管鏡。檢查後的正常與異常對照:短暫排尿灼熱感、輕微粉紅色尿與尿意頻繁屬預期反應,通常一至兩日改善;持續鮮紅色尿、血塊、發燒畏寒或完全無法排尿則屬併發症訊號。多喝水在此同時兼具稀釋、沖洗與預防血塊阻塞三個作用。可連結概念:泌尿道感染預防、膀胱內視鏡下切片與電燒治療、術後尿液顏色分級觀察。",[24,27,29,31,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"麻醉方式與禁食原則",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"膀胱鏡檢查護理",{"term":30,"count":26},"尿道黏膜損傷",{"term":32,"count":26},"檢查後併發症觀察",{"term":34,"count":26},"水分攝取的沖洗作用",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-041","有關腎病症候群病人的護理指導，下列何者正確？",41,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-007","有關叢性頭痛（cluster headaches）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",7,106,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":26},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-021","有關視網膜剝離時立即處理之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",21,107,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":26},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-059","下列何者不會出現少尿現象？",59,108,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-023","有關鼻竇炎術後的護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",23,109,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-057","有關人體酸鹼平衡的敘述，下列何者正確？",57,110,"2026-08-06",1787299037295]