[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-006":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-115-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-006","nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-006",115,2,6,"電氣痙攣療法（electroconvulsive therapy, ECT）的臨床適應症，下列選項何者較適當？①人格障礙症 ②對藥物治療無效的躁症 ③嚴重憂鬱症且自殺意念強烈 ④思覺失調症合併僵直症",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②③","①②④","①③④","②③④","D",null,[],"本題考點為電氣痙攣療法(ECT)的臨床適應症。ECT的主要適應症包括:嚴重憂鬱症且自殺意念強烈、需快速見效者(③),對藥物治療無效的躁症(②),以及思覺失調症合併僵直(緊張)症狀者(④),故D(②③④)正確。①人格障礙症屬長期人格結構與行為模式的問題,治療以心理治療與行為介入為主,ECT對其無效、並非適應症,故含①的A、B、C皆不正確。整體原則是:ECT適用於急性、嚴重、需迅速改善或藥物反應不佳的重大精神病理狀態,而非慢性人格層次的病理。","ECT適應症口訣可記「重鬱自殺、抗藥躁症、僵直思覺、拒食待產」:重度憂鬱伴強烈自殺意念是第一線適應症;藥物無效的躁症與僵直型思覺失調症反應佳;嚴重拒食、拒藥或懷孕不宜用藥者也可考慮。ECT無絕對禁忌症,相對禁忌以顱內壓上升最重要(如腦瘤),因發作瞬間顱內壓會短暫升高。治療前需禁食、給予肌肉鬆弛劑與短效麻醉,最常見副作用為治療後短期記憶障礙與頭痛,多屬暫時性。人格障礙、焦慮症、物質使用障礙等皆非ECT適應症,是選項常用的干擾設計。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"ECT適應症",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"嚴重憂鬱症自殺意念",{"term":30,"count":26},"抗藥性躁症",{"term":32,"count":26},"僵直型思覺失調症",[34,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-007","以下治療性團體中的對話，小芬的回應最能顯示何項團體療效因子？小明：「我覺得我很失敗，一輩子都沒辦法從這種狀態中走出來。」小芬：「我之前也有這種感覺，但從團體中，我學會了接受自己的情緒，還重新找回了工作的方向，你要有信心。」",7,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":26},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-053","社區評估時收集人口組成，並繪製成人口結構圖，可以提供何種訊息？",53,106,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-067","有關群體（aggregates）的說明，下列何者錯誤？",67,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-025","下列何者是貝克（Beck）提出憂鬱的認知觀點？①兩極化想法（polarized thinking） ②獨斷推論（arbitrary inference） ③過度類化（over generalization） ④自閉思考（autistic thinking）",25,108,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-069","有關改善教職員不適當飲食型態的衛生教育之目的，下列何者最不適切？",69,109,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":26},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-023","有關強迫症病人常使用的防衛機轉，下列何項較不適當？",23,111,"2026-08-06",1787299016829]