[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-015":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-115-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-015","nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-015",115,2,15,"林同學認為門把很髒，於碰觸門把之後要花 30 分鐘洗手，治療者讓林同學有意識的碰觸門把，再幫助林同學漸漸耐受不強迫洗手帶來的焦慮感，而學會控制與因應，為下列何項治療方法？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"精神分析治療","人際關係治療","思考中斷法","暴露及反應預防療法","D",null,[],"本題考點為強迫症行為治療法的辨識。治療者讓個案有意識地碰觸引發焦慮的門把(暴露於誘發情境),再協助個案忍受焦慮而不執行強迫洗手的儀式行為(預防反應),透過反覆練習使焦慮經歷自然消退、學會控制與因應,正是暴露及反應預防療法(exposure and response prevention, ERP)的標準程序,故D正確。A錯在精神分析治療著重自由聯想、探索潛意識衝突,不直接操作外顯行為。B錯在人際關係治療聚焦人際角色轉換與衝突議題,與本情境無關。C錯在思考中斷法是在強迫思考出現時以「停!」等指令中斷思考流,並不包含暴露情境與忍受焦慮的步驟。","ERP的原理是古典制約的消弱(extinction):強迫行為之所以維持,是因為洗手能立即降低焦慮,形成負增強循環;ERP刻意切斷「焦慮→儀式→焦慮下降」的迴路,讓個案體驗到「不洗手,焦慮也會自己退」,新學習取代舊制約。ERP是強迫症第一線心理治療,常與SSRI(強迫症用量通常高於憂鬱症)合併。行為治療家族的辨識口訣:系統減敏感法=放鬆+焦慮階層漸進暴露(治恐懼症);洪水法=直接高強度暴露;ERP=暴露+擋住儀式行為(治強迫症);思考中斷法=指令打斷思考;嫌惡療法=行為配對不愉快刺激。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"行為治療",14,{"term":28,"count":29},"強迫症",6,{"term":17,"count":31},1,{"term":33,"count":31},"負增強循環",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-016","有關身體症狀障礙症（somatic symptom disorder）的敘述，下列何者最適當？",16,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":31},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-062","下列那個評估工具，可用以了解家庭遺傳性疾病及世代間的關係？",62,106,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-076","社區衛生護理師為弱勢個案族群爭取所需服務，促成相關政策之立法，是屬於何項角色的發揮？",76,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-034","社區心理衛生的工作實務中，下列何者屬於次級預防工作？",34,108,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-078","社區護理師教導民眾測量血壓，下列何者錯誤？",78,109,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":31},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-032","承上題，張先生懷疑家中地契被媳婦偷。下列何項護理措施最適當？",32,111,"2026-08-06",1787299016894]