[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-020":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-115-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-020","nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-020",115,2,20,"有關自閉症類群障礙症（autism spectrum disorder, ASD）敘述，下列何者最不適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"症狀通常要到學齡期後才會出現","宜儘早訓練個案語言溝通能力","症狀會引起社交、職業等功能缺損","行為治療可培養適當的生活習慣","A",null,[],"本題考點為自閉症類群障礙症的病程特性與處置原則,選出最不適當的敘述。依DSM-5診斷準則,ASD的症狀出現於發展早期,多數在3歲前即可觀察到社交溝通缺損與侷限重複的行為模式,只是部分個案要到社交需求超過其能力時缺損才完全顯現,並非通常要到學齡期後才出現,故A最不適當,為本題答案。B正確,早期療育強調儘早訓練語言與溝通能力,介入愈早預後愈佳。C正確,診斷準則即要求症狀造成社交、職業或其他重要領域的功能缺損。D正確,行為治療(如應用行為分析)可協助建立適當的生活習慣與適應行為。","DSM-5對ASD發病時間的措辭很精準:「症狀必須存在於發展早期,但可能直到社交需求超過其受限能力時才完全顯現,或被後天學得的策略所掩飾」——這句正是A選項的出題來源:能力好的個案可能到上學後才被「發現」,但症狀早已存在,「被發現晚」不等於「發病晚」。ASD兩大核心準則:社交溝通與社交互動缺損、侷限重複的行為興趣與活動(含感覺異常);早期警訊包括一歲仍無眼神接觸、不理喚名、無社會性微笑、無手指指物分享。早期療育的黃金期在學齡前,故「儘早」二字在ASD考題中幾乎永遠是對的方向。",[24,27,29,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"DSM-5診斷準則",4,{"term":28,"count":10},"早期療育",{"term":30,"count":31},"ASD發展早期發病",1,{"term":33,"count":31},"應用行為分析",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-021","李先生，45 歲，獨居，目前住院已滿 2 個月，曾有干擾家庭與社區的問題，家屬表示無法督促就醫，出院準備服務的評估發現能自我照顧但無病識感，無工作動機，出院後就不想吃藥，不會主動就醫。下列何項是出院準備服務轉介的首選？",21,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":31},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-067","有關外籍及大陸配偶婦女之生育健康管理，下列何者錯誤？",67,106,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":31,"year":47,"session":31},"nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-001","精神科護理師在自己的臉書（Facebook）或部落格上討論所照顧的精神病人，試圖提供精神健康的相關知識，下列何者描述最適當？",107,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-039","針對家庭暴力，護理師的治療性措施，下列敘述何者正確？",39,108,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":31},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-003","黃先生，55 歲，被診斷為思覺失調症，與案母同住，服藥不規則，須由案母提醒他吃藥。一個月前，案母因病過世，黃先生認為鄰居透過社區的 LINE 群組說他的壞話，因此作勢要攻擊鄰居。黃先生最可能有以下何種症狀？",3,110,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":31},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-037","對保護室內病人採取約束處置時，密切觀察的主要項目，不包含下列何項？",37,111,"2026-08-06",1787299016973]