[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-029":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-115-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-029","nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-029",115,2,29,"有關麻疹的敘述，下列何者最不適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"可經由空氣、飛沫傳播或接觸病人鼻咽分泌物而感染","豬為此疾病之主要傳染窩","接種 measles, mumps, rubella（MMR）疫苗為最有效的預防方式","麻疹感染過可終身免疫","B",null,[],"本題考點在於麻疹的傳染窩與傳播特性。麻疹病毒屬副黏液病毒科,人類是唯一的自然宿主與傳染窩,沒有動物保毒宿主,故豬為主要傳染窩的敘述最不適當,選 B。A 正確,麻疹經空氣、飛沫及接觸病人鼻咽分泌物傳播,基本再生數高、傳染力極強。C 正確,接種含麻疹成分的 MMR 活性減毒疫苗是最有效的預防方式,依我國時程於出生滿 12 個月與滿 5 歲各接種一劑。D 正確,自然感染後可獲終身免疫,這也是麻疹適合以疫苗推動根除的原因。","傳染窩(reservoir)是考選部愛用的鑑別點,可用對比方式整理:僅人類為傳染窩者包括麻疹、德國麻疹、水痘、小兒麻痺、天花,這類疾病理論上可藉高疫苗覆蓋率根除;有動物傳染窩者則無法根除,例如日本腦炎的傳染窩為豬與水鳥(蚊為病媒)、狂犬病為食肉目動物與蝙蝠、漢他病毒為鼠類、Q 熱為牛羊。本題的豬正是日本腦炎的典型傳染窩,屬概念置換型陷阱。麻疹的其他常考細節:潛伏期約 7 至 18 天,前驅期有發燒、咳嗽、鼻炎、結膜炎與口腔柯氏斑點(Koplik spots),紅疹自耳後髮際往下蔓延;出疹前後各約四天具傳染力,屬空氣傳染防護等級,病房需負壓隔離。",[24,26,29,31,33],{"term":25,"count":10},"傳染窩",{"term":27,"count":28},"麻疹病毒",1,{"term":30,"count":28},"空氣與飛沫傳染",{"term":32,"count":28},"MMR疫苗",{"term":34,"count":28},"終身免疫",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-030","不同廠牌的 COVID-19 快篩試劑的品質檢測中，A 廠牌檢測的敏感度為 99%，特異性為 90%；B 廠牌的敏感度為 90%，特異性為 96%。下列敘述何者正確？",30,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":28},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-076","世界衛生組織倡導的「高齡友善城市」所包括的面向，下列何者錯誤？",76,106,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":28},"nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-010","邱先生，38 歲，診斷為思覺失調症，入院時，身上發出油垢味，衣服髒亂，家屬表示病人生活都可自理，惟獨洗澡需要催促的情況下可以完成，護理師要求邱先生入院後先整理外觀，下列那一項措施最適宜？",10,107,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-048","根據勞工健康保護規則中規定，工作者暴露於下列那一種作業環境超過 8 hours\u002Fday，會造成聽力傷害？",48,108,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":28},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-012","躁症發作（manic episode）的典型臨床特徵，下列何者較適當？",12,110,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":28},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-046","某護理師欲探討罕見病例的危險因子，下列何種研究方法最適當？",46,111,"2026-08-06",1787299017055]